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So Mozaffarian and his colleagues studied the studies,eight of them, in which some participants ate less saturated fat and more polyunsaturated fats, the kind of fats that are in fish,nuts, and vegetable oils.
VOA: standard.2010.03.25
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So fat becomes a very valuable energy source.
所以脂肪是非常有价值的能量来源
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Too many fat people in the United States, so this will help them keep thin, you know.
美国有太多肥胖的人了，这样可以帮助他们保持苗条。
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Okay, so if you're underweight your body is depleting its fat stores and therefore that may make you unhealthy.
你的看法是如果体重过轻,身体会把储存的脂肪消耗尽,因此导致了健康问题
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You can see that the dash distribution I drew has more out in the tails, so we call it fat-tailed.
你们可以看到,虚线画的这个分布,尾部要长很多,所以我们叫它长尾分布
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All right. - So you have the choice of becoming involved or not by pushing the fat man. - All right.
好了，-所以你有权选择是否把胖子推下去,从而牵涉其中，-好了。
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So what? A very fat, remember? And famous for his commercials on television.
这又怎么样呢，一个很胖的,著名的人因为电视广告出名。
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The opposite leaflet does the other thing, the water soluble part points down and the fat points up, so now you have thin region of fat which is surrounded on both sides by water.
相反的部位则有不同的情况,水溶性部分向下,而脂肪向上,所以现在就得到了,两侧均被水包围的薄层脂肪区域
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So how many calories, and how much fat, how many grams of fat would you say are in the following foods?
你们认为以下食物中,有多少卡路里,多少克脂肪
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So that music, the sort of seductive feel that was in this video is how humans feel about fat.
视频音乐传达出的那种诱惑感,很像人类对脂肪的感觉
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Okay, so which is worse: polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, or both are pretty good for you?
请回答哪个更有害,多不饱和脂肪,单不饱和脂肪,或者是两个都对健康有益
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People don't usually think so much of nuts as a protective part of the diet, but in fact they have some of the healthy fat as well.
通常人们并不认为坚果有预防疾病的功能,但事实上它们含有很多有益脂肪
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It could be that a random distribution-- I don't have colored chalk here I don't think, so I will use a dash line to represent the fat-tailed distribution.
这是一个随机分布,这里没有彩色粉笔,我就用虚线,来表示长尾分布
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In this case, he's talked about fat and talked about the survival mechanism that's so important for fat.
在这里,他提到脂肪,谈到脂肪对生存机制的重要影响
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If our estimates are off then the hypothesis makes no sense, so maybe there's no relationship between dietary fat and breast cancer.
如果评估是无关联的,那这个假说也就没有意义,那么在膳食脂肪和乳腺癌之间,也许没有任何关系
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It's important for the public health to change the partitioning of fat so you move from bad to the better fats in the diets.
改变使用的脂肪种类对大众健康十分重要,所以大家要将饮食中的坏脂肪换为更好的
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So this--the seeking out fat, sugar, and variety is a highly evolved, adaptive evolutionary trait.
脂肪,糖以及饮食的多样性的与,适应进化的特性是分不开的
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Things that are high in fat and then high in sugar too like ice cream, become very appealing to individuals and so these foods become incredibly powerful for people.
这些高脂肪,高热量的食物,比如冰淇淋,人们就无法拒绝它的诱惑,这些食物有着不可估量的吸引力
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I just mentioned examples of that, so the organism seeks out fat, sweet, and variety and eating large amounts of food becomes a priority, at least according to the brain.
我仅仅是举了个例子,机体寻求脂肪,糖或其他食物,大量进食成了首要任务,至少大脑是这么认为的
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So 1450 calories and 102 grams of fat.
450卡和102克脂肪
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But the hypothesis was based on this association more or less, that looked at the rates of breast cancer across different countries and how much dietary fat those countries consumed and so you get a nice little scatter plot.
但以上假说,多少也基于一些合作研究,看看乳腺癌在不同国家,的发病率,那些国家在饮食中摄入了多少脂肪,然后就会得到一个不错的散点图
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Some of this can be done if consumers make different choices in what they eat, but some can be silent changes too, so Frito-Lay taking the Trans fats out of their products and switching them with a healthier fat is a silent change that could have a positive impact on public health.
有些只要消费者选择其它的食物即可做到,但也有些变化是悄无声息的,菲多利将其产品中的反式脂肪,替换成更健康的脂肪就并未声张,这对大众健康有着积极的影响
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So you could have--be consuming fat that is in itself good for heart health let's say, or maybe protective against cancer in some ways, but it's also adding calories to the diet, so you want to have the optimal amount of fat and not over-consume it because of the calories.
所以你可能是在食用,有益于你心脏健康的脂肪,打个比方,又或是在某种程度上可以抗癌,但它也给你的饮食增加了热量,因此为了减少热量应该食用适量,而非过量的脂肪
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So which of these things do you think is worse for your health: Trans fat or saturated fat?
你认为以下哪种物质对健康更有害,反式脂肪还是饱和脂肪
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So the sixty-five grams of fat gets used up pretty quickly, doesn't it?
所以65克脂肪的上限很快就达到了
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And so if they switch it for saturated fat there is an advantage.
如果他们将其换成饱和脂肪,是种进步
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So we'll talk about different kinds of fat and what that might mean.
我们要讲到不同种类的脂肪及其意义所在
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Okay, fat is number two, so you guys are good so far.
好的 高脂是第二个,目前为止 你们都回答得很好
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Okay, so here are the numbers, 750 and 15 grams of fat.
答案是,750卡和15克脂肪
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So something about fat is driving people and as I'll explain in a subsequent lecture, What would it be about fat that makes it more reinforcing then protein or carbohydrate?
至于脂肪如何为人们供能,我会在以后的课上解释这点,为什么脂肪比蛋白质或碳水化合物,更能让机体变强
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