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The researchers call the four sets "watermark" sequences.
VOA: special.2010.07.20
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One of the things about these plasmids that makes them very useful is that their entire base pair sequences is known.
质粒之所以有用,其中一个原因就是,它的全部碱基序列都是已知的
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It's hard to answer questions and whatnot and you don't necessarily have access to the same tools unless you yourself go through the process of configuring your machine manually by following many long sequences of steps.
所以很难说会出现什么情况,你们不能,用同一台机器，除非你们自己按照一系列,冗长的步骤手工配置,你们自己的电脑。
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The actress is no stranger to action films and she has her own signature in fight sequences and stunts.
VOA: standard.2010.07.26
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The best way to label this DNA is by designing probes or labels that hybridize with specific sequences that you're interested in.
最好的标记方法是,设计出能与你感兴趣的,特定基因序列杂交的,分子探针或标签
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Unfortunately,too many action sequences overpower the story and its existential issues.
VOA: standard.2010.07.20
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Start by thinking about what are the sequences.
启动的时候应该考虑下先后顺序。
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I'd only have 16 possible two base sequences, that's not enough to specify over 20 amino acids.
如果两个碱基一组那一共只有十六种组合,不够和二十种氨基酸来一一对应
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If you want to escape certain characters, you need to use these so-called escape sequences.
如果你想与其他字符隔开，你就要用到所谓的转义字符。
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There's just more sequences in a three unit codon than I need for the amino acids.
一个氨基酸对应不止一个密码子,由三碱基所构成的密码子
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Proteins are only susceptible to phosphorylation if they have certain kinds of amino acid sequences.
只有含这些氨基酸的蛋白质,才能够被磷酸化
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Now of the two complimentary sequences, one of them encodes the gene.
这两段互补序列,其中一段是编码基因的
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That creates a problem in the genetic code in that there's 64 possible sequences but there's only 20 some amino acids, so each amino acid can be specified by more than one codon.
这里有个问题,遗传密码有六十四种可能的序列,而只有二十种氨基酸,因此每种氨基酸都有,不止一种密码子与之对应
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That might be a good way to do it but it's going to be more of a challenge because you might - you're going to have a lot of these non-coding sequences that are in the way.
这或许是个好方法,但这会带来更大的问题,因为也许--,会有许多不编码蛋白质的序列,干扰你的筛选
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When transcription happens and it turns out that there's a whole biology associated with this, including molecules that are floating around inside your cells called transcription factors, and their job-- they are molecules that are about particular genes and what some of the sequences and are able to turn on those genes inside cells, to make them transcribe.
研究证明,当细胞转录时,还有与之相关的一整套生物机制在运作,包括一种在你细胞中飘浮着的,称为转录因子的分子,它们的工作就是,它们知道该转录哪一段基因,该转录哪一段序列,然后把这些细胞中的基因激活,进行转录
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You have mechanisms inside your natural mechanisms inside your cell that allow the cells to degrade unwanted RNA sequences.
人体内细胞的这种自然机制,有助于细胞降解不需要的RNA序列
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Certain double stranded RNA sequences will cause in the cell a process of degradation of very specific RNA sequence.
一些双链RNA序列能够在细胞中开启,特定RNA序列的降解程序
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The DNA molecule here has been spread apart, opening up two single stranded DNA's which have complementary base sequences because they were double stranded DNA.
这里DNA分子被分开,形成两条单链DNA,这两条单链碱基序列互补,因为它们是由双链DNA解旋形成的
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Most restriction enzyme also recognize symmetric sequences of DNA, GAATTC for example.
大多数限制性内切酶,也能识别DNA的对称序列,例如GAATTC
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The polymerase starts a process of replication of your DNA sequences.
聚合酶使DNA序列开始复制
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The end result is you can design now very specific double stranded RNA sequences, that when delivered into cells again will activate this process of natural degradation of an existing messenger RNA.
最终的结果是,你现在能够设计针对性很强的,双链RNA序列,当这段序列被转入细胞后会激活,对已有信使RNA进行降解的过程
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That's why molecular biology, one of the reasons why it's turned out to be such a powerful tool, because if you can think creatively you can find all different ways to using these very simple principles to recombine molecules, to make unique new DNA sequences.
这就是分子生物学,如此有用的原因之一,因为如果你有创造力,你可以用各种方法,运用这些简单的原理来重组分子,创造独特的DNA新序列
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Every cell in your body has exactly the same DNA; that is if I could stretch out all the DNA and look at the base pair sequence, the sequences of bases along all the DNA in your chromosomes, they'd be identical in all the cells.
身体内每一个细胞都有完全相同的DNA,如果我把整条DNA展开,然后检查其碱基对的顺序,你体内每个细胞中染色体上,DNA的碱基对顺序,都是完全相同的
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Certain segments of DNA are being converted into RNA, and whereas in replication, you have to copy the whole genome, the whole - all of the chromosomes, all of the DNA contained in the chromosomes of the cell in order to completely replicate it; transcription only works on particular sequences of DNA.
特定的DNA序列被转录为RNA,在复制的过程中,整条染色体都被复制,包括其中的全部DNA序列,都被分毫不差地复制下来,以保证复制的完整性,而转录过程只发生在特定的DNA序列上
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