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So I've sort of just spread out what we have as the second row here, graphed against the ionization energy.
所以我将第二行的情况,在这里展了，纵坐标是电离能。
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So, for example, in the second case, we say that we see 12 06 in terms of the kinetic energy.
比如，在第二种情况下，我们观测到，1206大小的动能。
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This is the second ionization energy. That is to say the ionization energy of the second most electron.
这是二级电离能，这就是说,电子数第二多的电离能。
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And they've included too much or too little in the system, and it looks to them that the second law is broken and they've created more energy than is being brought in.
他们在系统中,包含了过多或过少的物质，从而在他们看来,第二定律貌似是被打破了,他们创造了比最初引入的更多的能量。
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But the mathematicians told Dirac, "You cannot ignore the negative energy solution because it tells you there's a second solution and you cannot throw them out."
但数学家们告诉狄拉克,你不能忽略负的能量,因为数学告诉我有两个根,你不能随便丢掉
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The second piece of information we need to know is what actually the kinetic energy is of the ejected electron, and that's something we can just measure by measuring its velocity.
其次，我们需要知道的信息是,出射电子的动能，这可以通过,测量它们的速度得到。
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So, second ionization energy simply means you've already taken one electron out, now how much energy does it take for you to take a second electron out.
第二电离能简单地说就是,在你已经拿走一个电子以后，再拿走第二个电子,所需要消耗的能量。
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At this point, we have no other choice but to double up before going to the next energy level, 2px so we'll put a second one in the 2 p x.
在这点上我们没有其他选择,而只有双倍填充,在到下一个能级之前，所以我们放入第二个电子至。
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And it turns out the second solution, with negative energy, was when the theory is telling you, hey, there are particles and there are anti-particles, and the negative energy when properly interpreted will describe anti-particles.
结果,后来证明,第二个根,也就是能量为负的那个根,正是理论的关键,世界上既有粒子,也有反粒子,负能量就是用来解释反粒子的
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We call these first, second, third ionization energies in sequence. This is the first ionization energy.
我们按照顺序把这些叫做一级，二级,三级电离能，这是初级电离能。
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And what the second point of Aufbau says is that as electrons begin to fill those levels the differences in energy may shift so that in an unoccupied state certain levels may be in the inverse order from how they are in the occupied state.
构造原理谈到的第二点是,当电子开始布满这些层时,能量差可能会有改变,所以在一个未占据的确定能级,可能与它们占据时,的排布顺序是相反的。
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So, this is first ionization energy, let's think about second ionization energy.
那么，这就是第一电离能，下面让我们来想一想第二电离能。
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So, let's think about kind of differentiating, however, between first ionization energy or just ionization energy, and other types such as second or third ionization energy, and let's take boron as an example here.
那么，让我们来区分一下第一电离能，也就是电离能与其他类型的电离能，比如第二，第三电离能，我们以硼为例。
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So what we're doing is filling in those eight electrons following the Aufbau principle, so our first electron is 1s going to go in the 1 s, and then we have no other options for other orbitals that are at that same energy, 1s so we put the second electron in the 1 s as well.
它会是什么样子呢,我们正在做的是将这8个电子按照奥弗,堡原理进行填充,所以我们第一个电子将会进入，然后我们没有其他的,轨道的选择在同一个能级，所以我们把第二个电子也放入。
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So if we think about what that delta energy is, we call that the ionization of the 2 s, that's different from saying second ionization energy.
因此如果我们考虑这个，Δ，E，是什么的话，我们可以称它为，2，s，电子的电离能，这与我们前面所说的第二电离能是不同的。
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If you see a problem that asks you, for example, the third ionization energy versus taking a second electron out of the 2 s in a photoelectron spectroscopy experiment, those are two very different things.
如果你遇到一个题目问你的是，比如说，是第三电离能,还是在光电子能谱实验中从，2，s，轨道中,拿走第二个电子，这可是两个完全不同的问题。
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And what we say when we talk about the delta energy is I E 2 that this is going to be equal to i e 2, or the second ionization energy, or we could say the negative of the binding energy of a 2 s electron in b plus.
那么我们说,Δ，E，应该等于，或者说第二电离能，也就是正一价硼中，2，s，电子的,束缚能的负值。
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