Mill er says U.S.missile defense capability is not as good as it should be in some areas, particularly the Middle East, but he expects that to change significantly,and soon.

VOA: standard.2010.03.26

His father, James Mill, was a disciple of Bentham's, and James Mill set about giving his son, John Stuart Mill, a model education.

他的父亲詹姆斯·穆勒是边沁的追随者，詹姆斯·穆勒决心以边沁为榜样，教育自己的儿子穆勒。

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That's the dilemma with which our experiment confronts Mill.

这就是我们的检验中，穆勒的观点所遭遇的困境。

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All right, Is there anyone who disagrees with Joe and who thinks that our experiment disproves Mill's test, shows that that's not an adequate way, that you can't distinguish higher pleasures within the utilitarian framework?

好，有没有人不同意乔,谁认为我们的实验推翻了穆勒的检验，说明它并不足以证明，在功利主义范畴内可以分辨出高级快乐？

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What about Mill's attempt to account for the especially weighty character of individual rights and justice in chapter five of Utilitarianism.

那么穆勒在《功利主义》,第五章中提到的,个人权利和公正重要性的解释，又是否成立呢。

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When we finished last time, we were looking at John Stuart Mill's attempt to reply to the critics of Bentham's Utilitarianism.

上节课结束时，我们讲到约翰·斯图尔特·穆勒试图回应,对边沁功利主义的批判。

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And there is a further objection that could be raised against Mill's case for justice and rights.

还有另一个能更深入地,驳斥穆勒有关公正和权利的观点。

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Mill's point is that the higher pleasures do require cultivation and appreciation and education.

穆勒的观点是，高级快乐的确需要,培养，鉴赏，和教育。

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So you think that this support Mill's you think Mill is onto something here?

所以你认为它支持了穆勒的观点,你认为穆勒是不无道理的？

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What do you conclude from that about John Stuart Mill's test that the test of a higher pleasure is whether people who have experienced both prefer it?

那么你对穆勒的结论，有何看法,他认为，两种快乐都感受过的人,更偏好的就是高级快乐？

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But before we give the reasons let's do an experiment of Mill's claim.

但在给出理由之前,先对穆勒的观点做个实验。

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But the same challenge could be put to this part of Mill's defense.

但穆勒的这番辩护面临着同样质疑。

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What about Mill's attempt to reply to the objection about individual rights?

穆勒是如何回应对个体权利的相关异议呢？

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So as John points out, Mill says here's the test.

正如约翰指出的，穆勒是这样来确定的。

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I think the conclusion is that Mill's theory that when a majority of people are asked what they would rather do, they will answer that they would rather engage in a higher pleasure.

我认为结论是，就穆勒的理论而言,当大多数人被问及他们的偏好时，他们都会说自己更愿意选择高级快乐。

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