Second thing I want to note is, the little hash mark or the pound sign, that's identifying a comment.

我想要说的第二件事是，这个小斜杠或者是井字号，这是用来标注注释的。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

You've got a picture of somebody's face, it's a million pixels. Each pixel has a range of values from zero to 256. I want to hash a face with some function into an integer.

你有一个人的脸部照片，它有一百万个像素,每个像素的值范围在0到256之间,我想用某个函数将一张脸部照片。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

Well the idea of a hash, in fact, what's called a hash function is to have some way of mapping any kind of data into integers.

我要怎么做？实际上想法还是哈希,通过一个哈希函数,把任何种类的数据都映射成整数。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

And then, if I want to find out if something's there, I do the same thing. But notice now, hash is converting the input into an integer.

然后，我想查找出某些元素是否在列表中,我做同样的事，但是现在注意，哈希是将输入转化成一个整数，所以，其思想是什么？

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

There's been a lot of work done on these over the years, but in fact, it's pretty hard to invent a good hash function. So my advice to you is, if you want to use something was a hash, go to a library. Look up a good hash function.

已经做过了很多的尝试和努力,但是事实是，很难发明出一个好的哈希函数,所以我给你们的建议是,如果你们想使用哈希功能,到函数库中查找一个好的哈希函数。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

So, what's the idea? If I know what my hash function does, it maps, in this case characters into a range zero to 256, which is zero to 255, I create a list that long, and I simply mark things.

我知道我的哈希函数做什么,在这个例子中，它将字母，映射成0到255的256个数字，我创建了一个这么长的列表，并且我只是简单的标志这些东西。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

You try to design actually I'm going to come back to that in a second. It's like you're trying to use a hash function that spread things out pretty evenly. But the places you store into in those lists may have to themselves have a small list in there, and when you go to check something, you may have to do a linear search through the elements in that list.

你尝试着去设计,实际上过会儿我会回头讲解这个问题,类似于你需要用一个哈希函数,非常平均的将物体分发出去,但是在列表中你数据,映射到的地方可能会有自己的一小段列表，当你回头查找数据的时候,你可能需要在那一小段列表中做线性查找。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选

The answer is I can't. OK, in the simple case of integers I can, but in the case of something more complex like faces or fingerprints or passwords for that matter, it's hard to design a hash function that has completely even distribution, meaning that it takes any input into exactly one output spot.

答案是我不能，好吧,在简单的整数的例子中,我可以做到，但是在一些更复杂的场景中,比如面部，指纹，密码相关的问题中，很难设计一个哈希函数具备完全平均的分配,也就是说，做到对任一输入，可以准确地得到相应的唯一输出,因此在一个哈希问题中。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选