A primer is a short RNA sequence or DNA sequence that gets sort of the process of replication jump started, and that's just because of the biological properties of DNA polymerase that that primer's needed.

引物是一段短的RNA或者DNA序列,引物是整个复制的起点,因为DNA聚合酶的,生物特性,引物在复制过程是必不可少的

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When we talk about gene expression than we're talking about this whole sequence of events I just described: transcription, RNA processing, translation to make the protein.

当我们谈到基因表达的时候,我们就是在讨论,一系列我们刚才提到的过程,即转录,RNA加工,翻译成蛋白质

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When you think about a gene or a transcript, the messenger RNA copy of a gene, you know that for every sequence of a nucleic acid there's a complimentary sequence.

当你们考虑一段基因或者一个,转录一段基因的mRNA拷贝,你们知道每个核酸序列,都有互补序列

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Well, what if you knew the sequence for the messenger RNA that made insulin and you designed another single stranded DNA or RNA molecule that was the exact opposite, or the exact compliment, I should say, of that strand?

那么,如果你知道了,合成胰岛素的mRNA的序列,并设计一段与其序列完全相反的,DNA或者RNA分子,应该说是完全互补的一段分子

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选