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On Wednesday,the Federal Reserve kept its target rate near zero for overnight loans between banks.
VOA: special.2009.11.06
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In the United States we have twelve Federal Reserve Banks but we have a Federal Open Market Committee.
在美国,我们有十二个联邦储备银行,但是我们有一个联邦公开市场委员会。
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But they can also participate in choosing the directors and the president of the Federal Reserve Banks.
但是它们可以参与挑选负责人和,联邦储备银行的行长这一过程。
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Last week,the Federal Reserve proposed to examine pay policies at thousands of banks.
VOA: special.2009.10.30
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The Federal Reserve Banks are owned not by the government but by the banks in the region where they operate; they're called member banks.
联邦储备银行并不是,被政府所有的,而是被它们运行所在的区域内的银行所有；,它们被称为联邦储备银行的会员银行。
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Besides expanding the Federal Reserve's powers to police banks and speculative markets, the measure also contains provisions to prevent financial institutions from becoming too big to fail.
VOA: standard.2010.05.21
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That's a very dispersed system but it still works because member banks keep deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks and they're required to keep these deposits.
这是一个非常分散的系统,但是它还是能起到很好的作用因为会员银行,在联邦储备银行里付保证金,并且它们被要求付这些保证金。
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Moreover they can also borrow from the Federal Reserve Banks when they're in trouble and need money and that's supposed to help prevent banking crises.
更多的是，当它们陷入困境,需要钱时可以,从联邦储备银行那里借钱,这样可以帮助阻止银行业危机的产生。
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There are also two Federal Reserve Banks in one in the state of Missouri the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City and the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
而且，在一个州里有两个联邦储备银行,在密苏里州堪萨斯城联邦储备银行,和圣路易斯联邦储备银行。
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Instead of setting up a central bank in the United States as was done commonly in other countries the United States instead created twelve banks; they're the twelve Federal Reserve Banks.
与在很多国家设立中央银行,不同的是,在美国,建立了十二个银行；,它们是十二个联邦储备金银行。
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The reserve requirement now is 10% 10% on demand deposits so they're forced to keep those reserves and much of that is in the form of deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks.
现在的法定准备金率%,在活期存款上是,所以它们被强迫持有这些准备金,并且一大部分是在联邦储备银行,存着的。
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So that's the Federal Reserve System. Incidentally there are twelve banks and there are twelve districts.
所以，这就是联邦储备金系统，顺便提一句,这里说道有十二个银行和十二个区域。
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So banks that become a member of the Federal Reserve System get shares and they become stockholders in the Federal Reserve Bank.
所以，联邦储备银行的会员银行,得到股份并且在联邦储备银行成为股东,它们分得股利。
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One of the things that the Federal Reserve does is it sets reserve requirements for banks.
一个联邦储备银行做的事是,它给银行设定了法定准备金率。
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Small banks have lower reserve requirements but it rapidly gets up to a standard.
小银行有低一些的法定准备金率,但是这个比率快速的上升到一个新的标准。
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So, banks are natural and fractional reserve banking is the natural thing to do.
所以银行的产生是很自然的,而部分准备金制度也是自然产生的
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The Federal Reserve System that was created in 1913 was different in that it was independent or much more independent than central banks in other countries.
913年建立的,联邦储备金系统是不同的,因为它独立，或者说比,其他国家的中央银行独立得多。
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What the Fed said it would do is announce an auction of so many billion dollars of loans to member banks and the banks have to supply collateral to the Federal Reserve.
美联储声明的它会做的事是,举行一场对,会员银行发放几十亿美元贷款的拍卖会,条件是这些银行必须,给联邦储备银行提供抵押品。
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One thing that's been a trend around the world is that the I mentioned that the U.S. Federal Reserve System was different from other central banks in that it was designed to have independence.
一个在世界范围内,流行的事实是,我提到过美国联邦储备系统,与其他中央银行不同,因为它有独立自主性。
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All of these central banks of Canada England Europe and Switzerland got together with the Federal Reserve and said--obviously they were worried about the financial crisis that was engulfing the world.
所有的这些中央银行,加拿大，英国，欧洲，瑞士,与联邦准备银行聚集到一起,说-明显的他们是担忧,现在正吞没整个世界的金融危机。
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Central banks around this time I think it was under the leadership of Paul Volker who was the Federal Reserve Chairman they raised interest rates to kill inflation and they threw the world into a huge recession.
在这个时期，中央银行,我认为正处于保罗？沃尔克的领导之下,保罗是美联储的主席,他们提升了利率来抵制通货膨胀,然而却将整个世界都卷入了一场巨大的经济衰退。
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