But whenever we've had a reform era there's been a big issue, or two or three or four.

但每当我们有一个改革的时代,都会存在一个,两个,三个或者四个大问题

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

The second great reform era is the Progressive Era, a great response to urbanization, industrialization and immigration, as it had never quite happened before.

第二个时期是进步时期,对于城市化的大力响应,工业化和移民入境,这是之前从未有过的

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

Any era of great change, great ferment, usually causes reform, anxiety, people who get worried, want to change things.

任何一个大变革的时代,大的动乱,通常会导致改革和焦虑,人们变得担忧,想要改变局面

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选