We can graph out what this is where we're graphing the radial probability density as a function of the radius.

我们可以，画出它来,这是径向概率密度,作为半径的一个函数图。

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We are talking about probability, but what we're saying is that most probable radius is further away from the nucleus.

我们说的是概率，也就是说它的最可能半径,离原子核更远。

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And I just want to point out here in terms of things that you're responsible for, you should know that the most probable radius for a 1 s hydrogen atom is equal a nought.

在这里,我想要指出的是，你们要知道氢原子１ｓ轨道,最可能距离等于ａ０

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But what's important is not where that most probable radius is when we're talking about the z effective it feels, what's more important is how close the electron actually can get the nucleus.

但重要的不是,最可能半径,当我们谈论它感到的有效电荷量的时候，更重要的是,电子实际上。

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How far you are away from the nucleus in terms of a radius, they don't depend at all on those two angles, theta they're independent of theta phi and they're independent of phi.

只和离核子的距离，也就是半径有关，它们和,另外两个角度无关，它们不决定于,也不决定于。

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So as we go down we're now adding electrons to further and further away shells, so what we're going to see is that the atomic radius is going to increase as we're going down the periodic table.

当我们向下走时,我们会将电子加在越来越远的壳层上，因此我们将看到原子半径,将随我们沿周期表向下走而增大。

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And again, we can define what that most probable radius is, that distance at which we're most likely to find an electron.

同样的，我们可以定义最可能距离，在这里找到电子的概率最大。

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So, keep that in mind when we're talking about atomic radius, I'm not suddenly changing my story and saying, yes, we do have a distinct radius.

因此，当我们讨论原子半径的时候要时刻记住这一点，我并不是在突然改变自己的说法，说是的，我们的确有一个准确的半径。

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So what we're graphing here is the radius as a function of radial probability.

我们要画的是径向概率,作为半径的函数分布。

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And if we're talking about atomic radius, essentially we're talking about atomic size.

如果我们在讨论原子半径，实际上我们讨论的是原子的尺寸。

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For example, when we're talking about radial probability distributions, the most probable radius is closer into the nucleus than it is for the s orbital.

举例来说当我们讨论径向概率分布时,距离原子核最可能的半径是，比s轨道半径,更近的可以离原子核有多近。

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So, there are 2 different things that we can compare when we're comparing graphs of radial probability distribution, and the first thing we can do is think about well, how does the radius change, or the most probable radius change when we're increasing n, when we're increasing the principle quantum number here?

当比较这些径向概率分布图,的时候，我们可以比较两个东西，第一个就是考虑当我们增加ｎ,当我们增加主量子数的时候，半径怎么变，最可能半径怎么变化？

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The reason in our radial probability distributions we start -- the reason, if you look at the zero point on the radius that we start at zero is because we're multiplying the probability density by some volume, and when we're not anywhere 0 from the nucleus, that volume is defined as zero.

在径向概率密度里，我们开始,如果你们看半径的零点，我们从零点开始,因为我们用概率密,度乘以体积,而当我们，在离核子很近的地方,体积是，所以我们会在这里。

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So again, what we see is the same pattern where the most probable radius, if we talk about it in terms of the d, that's going to be smaller then for the p, and the 3 p most probable radius is going to be closer to the nucleus than it is for the 3 s most probable radius that we're looking at.

同样的，我们可以看到相同的行为,ｄ轨道的，最可能半径，比ｐ轨道小，3p轨道的,最可能半径,比3s轨道离原子核更近。

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