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If its in Cartesian form I'll pass in an x and y and compute what a radius and angle is.
来得到的这个点,我都可以得到这个点的,全部的这种信息。
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self y Notice what I also do here, I create self dot y, give it a value, and then, oh cool, I can also set up what's the radius and angle for this point, by just doing a little bit of work.
我创建了，然后给它赋值，然后，噢太酷了，通过做一点额外的工作,就可以得到点的半径和角度了，好，实际上如果。
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This includes atomic radius and the idea of isoelectronic atoms.
包括原子半径,以及等电子原子的概念。
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The radius of the orbit, the energy of the system and the velocity of the electron, I am just going to present you the solutions.
是轨道的半径，系统的能量,以及电子的速度，我接下来会给你们讲解其方程的解法。
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If it's in polar form I passed in a radius and angle and I'll compute what the x- and y- value is.
以及半径和角度,但是现在是这样的,不管我是以哪种形式。
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Another way to represent a point in a plane is I've got a radius and I've got an angle from the x-axis, right, and that's a standard thing you might do.
平面上面的点的方法,也就是极坐标,上面那种方法其实是，如果你们喜欢我这么说的话,笛卡尔坐标表示法。
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I was expecting to compare x- and y- values, not radius and angle.
噢，发生了什么？,好吧有错误了。
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But luckily for us, there's a classical equation of motion that will, in fact, describe how the electron and nucleus change position or change their radius as a function of time.
但幸运的是，有一个,经典方程描述了电子和核子,位置或者它们直接的距离是,如何随时间变化的。
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Now, suppose in fact these weren't x and y glued together, these were radius and angle glued together.
我实际也说过了,我在这里操作的是，和这两个点。
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Sorry, said that wrong, p1 radius 1 and angle 2, 2 radians is a little bit more than pi half.
而是半径和角度的表示，在这个例子中点，并不对应这个点,它实际上对应的是。
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So as we go down we're now adding electrons to further and further away shells, so what we're going to see is that the atomic radius is going to increase as we're going down the periodic table.
当我们向下走时,我们会将电子加在越来越远的壳层上，因此我们将看到原子半径,将随我们沿周期表向下走而增大。
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You just need to remember what's happening to z effective, which really tells us what's happening with all the trends, and once you know z effective, you can figure out, for example, what direction the atomic radius should be going into.
你只需要记住有效核电量的规律，实际上它会告诉我们所有的规律，只要你知道了有效核电量的规律，你就可以判断，比如，原子半径会向着哪个方向发展。
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And immediately it should probably come into your head that we don't actually have an atomic radius that we can talk about, right?
一提到这点你就应该立刻想到,我们并没有一个真正的原子半径,可以讨论，对吗？
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So, keep that in mind when we're talking about atomic radius, I'm not suddenly changing my story and saying, yes, we do have a distinct radius.
因此，当我们讨论原子半径的时候要时刻记住这一点，我并不是在突然改变自己的说法，说是的，我们的确有一个准确的半径。
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In that case point p 1 doesn't correspond to this point, it actually corresponds to the point of radius 2 and angle 1, which is about here.
基本上也就是说这是第一个点1,这是第二个点，把它们的值加到一起,然后我就得到了目标点，好，这听起来挺不错的。
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Heck,he deserves to have his name on the board, Marsden So, Marsden concluded by his analysis that the radius of the nucleus, and this is Rutherford, by the way, coining this term.
见鬼，他的名字配写在黑板上，马斯登,马斯登根据分析得出,核的半径，这是卢瑟福，插一句，创造了这个术语。
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So, essentially we're just breaking it up into two parts that can be separated, and the part that is only dealing with the radius, so it's only a function of the radius of the electron from the nucleus.
所以本质上我们把它写成,两个可分离的部分，这部分，只与半径有关，它仅仅是，电子,到核子距离的函数。
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Cl If we wanted to get the chlorine, we could just put the chlorine over here, and we'd measure another radius there.
如果是，把Cl放这里，我们就可以测量另一个半径。
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And the second point is of radius 3 and angle 1, which is up about there.
半径为2然后角度为1的一个点,也就是差不多在这儿，我认为为了确保我做的是。
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And note that as Z increases, as the proton number increases the radius decreases for a given n number.
并注意到当Z不断增加，对于一个给定的n，即当质子数增加的时候,半径的n值就减小了。
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And we call that most probable radius r sub m p, or most probable radius.
我们叫它ｒ小标ｍｐ,或者最可能半径。
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So, the example that we took on Monday and that we ended with when we ended class, was looking at the 1 s orbital for hydrogen atom, and what we could do is we could graph the radial probability as a function of radius here.
周一我们,最后讲到了，粒子是氢原子１ｓ轨道，我们可以画出,这幅径向概率分布曲线。
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So, basically what we're saying is if we take any shell that's at some distance away from the nucleus, we can think about what the probability is of finding an electron at that radius, and that's the definition we gave to the radial probability distribution.
本质上我们说的就是,如果我们在距离原子核,某处取一个壳层，我们可以考虑在这个半径处,发现电子的概率，这就是我们给出的,径向概率密度的定义。
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And, let's see, we've talked about radius, we've talked about energy.
我看看，我们已经讲了半径了，讲了能量了。
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If I now say, I'm going to go ahead and change the radius of this, something, my polar form did it right, but what happened to the Cartesian form?
如果我现在说，我要去改变这里的半径,一些这样的操作，我的极坐标形式，进行了正确的改动？
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R And we abbreviate that by calling it r, l by two quantum numbers, and an l as a function of little r, radius.
我们把它简称为，两个指定的量子数n和，它是半径小r的函数。
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And first, on your lecture notes, I start with atomic radius.
首先，在大家的讲义上，我是从原子半径开始的。
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You see the radius is high and then it falls.
你看到半径是高的，然后下降。
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So, I want to contrast that with another concept that seemed to be opposing ideas, and that is thinking about not how far away the most probable radius is, but thinking about how close an electron can get to the nucleus if it's actually in that orbital.
我要将它和另外一个,看起来相反的概念相比较，我们不是考虑,最可能半径离原子核有多远，而是考虑如果电子在那个轨道上,能多接近原子核。
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So, there are 2 different things that we can compare when we're comparing graphs of radial probability distribution, and the first thing we can do is think about well, how does the radius change, or the most probable radius change when we're increasing n, when we're increasing the principle quantum number here?
当比较这些径向概率分布图,的时候，我们可以比较两个东西，第一个就是考虑当我们增加ｎ,当我们增加主量子数的时候，半径怎么变，最可能半径怎么变化？
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