-
pV=RT dT here because the pressure is constant, dV=RdT/p so dV is equal to R over p dT.
因为对1摩尔气体有，于是。
-
P dV is equal to R dT. pV = RT for 1 mole, pdV=RdT so I just take dV here.
对等压过程，那么。
-
Then the present value of $1-- The present PDV or PV of $1 = $1/.
一美元的现值...,一美元的现期贴现值或者现值就等于1/
-
dU=CvdT pV=RT So I can write du is Cv dT and pV is equal to RT.
于是。
-
pV=RT p plus a over v bar squared times v bar minus b equals r t. All right if you take a equal to zero, these are the two parameters, a and b. If you take those two equal to zero you have p v is equal to r t.
我们就回到,也就是理想气体,状态方程,下面我们来看看,这个方程。
-
Remember the equation of state for Van der pV=nRT Waal's gas is not pV is equal to nRT, but p plus the attraction term.
记住范德瓦尔斯气体的状态,方程不是，而是p加上一个吸引项。
-
pV=nRT And so of course it's still pV equals nRT.
显然状态方程仍然是。
-
nRT So, dp/dT, for our ideal gas, at constant volume, remember pV is nRT.
对于理想气体状态方程pV等于，所以对理想气体。
-
which is f , divided by the value of the x-axis here.
斜率，而f是p趋于0时pV的极限。
-
I'm going to call it r. It's going to be the gas constant, and now I have r times t is equal to the limit, p goes to zero of p r.
如果去掉p趋于0的条件,在有限压强下都,保持RT=pV的关系。
-
OK, so now we can take the result from this and put it onto a p v diagram.
好，现在我们有了结论,把它画进pv图。
-
OK, delta H is delta of u plus pV. By definition that's how we define enthalpy up here.
好，ΔH=Δ,根据定义，这就是我们。
-
Where the Gibbs free energy, TS u plus pV minus TS is H minus TS.
吉布斯自由能等于，内能u加上pV减去TS，也是自由焓H减去。
-
So you know your cycle, you know, you could have a whole complicated sequence on a p v diagram of steps going back.
因此，对某一的循环过程，可以在pV图上画出,一系列很复杂的小步骤。
-
So we have dH/dT keeping pressure constant, is du/dT keeping pressure constant.
等于偏U偏T，p恒定加上，偏pv偏T，p恒定。
-
TS And that is G, u plus pV minus TS.
用G来表示，u加pV减去。
-
pV Also A plus pV and G is minimized at equilibrium with constant temperature and pressure.
同时等于亥姆赫兹自由能A加上,同时在恒定的温度和压强下。
-
H=qp The u plus p V. Delta H is equal to q V.
括号里面的就是H，等于u+pv，Δ
-
So there's p v work and it's given by the integral minus p external dv or just the integral from one to two of dw.
我们知道对于pv系统来说,功w可以写成黑板上的两种不同形式。
-
pV So our H is u plus pV, as you know.
我们的自由焓H等于内能u加上。
-
PV So I have minus delta pV plus delta pV.
所以我把负ΔPV加上Δ
-
PV Now delta u is minus delta pV.
现在Δu=-Δ
-
nRT So we have pV is nRT.
对理想气体，我们有pV等于。
-
What's u plus pV?
内能u加上pv是什么？
-
pV So there is an arbitrary set point that needs to be defined, right? Because what you actually measure in the lab are changes in enthalpy, just like what you measure when you look at energy change of some sort, you measure the change in energy, right.
焓也是一样，焓是U加,所以需要定义一个任意的设定值,对吧？因为实际上你在实验室里,测得的是焓的改变,就像你在研究某种能量变化时，所测量的那样，你测量的是能量的改变，对吧。
应用推荐