If you put your fingers between the plastic opening at the bottom, and here's where you gotta watch out for the spring, pull the thing apart and that's it.

如果你把手指放到,底部的缝隙中间，这里你需要小心，你剥开就会发现这个了。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

Even in the case of this spring, when you pull it, if you pull it to the right by some force.

甚至是在这样的弹簧问题中,当你拉它的时候,如果你用力向右拉

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

I draw a graph here of the amount by which I pull the spring versus the force it exerts.

我在这里画个图,纵轴是弹簧的拉伸量,横轴是力的大小

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

You hook one end of the spring to a wall and you pull it from rest by some amount and you attach the one kilogram mass to it.

你把弹簧的一端固定在墙上,然后拉伸一段距离,接着你把 1 千克物体固定在上面

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

If you pull the spring, there is a force acting on it.

如果拉这个弹簧,就有力作用在物体上了

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

Then, I bring the elephant and I pull the spring by the same amount and I find the acceleration of the elephant and the denominator is obviously the mass of the elephant.

然后我再找来大象,用相同的力去拉弹簧,大象就具有了加速度,很明显,分母就是大象的质量

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

For example, how do I know that when I pull the spring the first time for the mass, it exerted the same force when I pulled the spring the second time for the elephant?

例如 怎样才能知道,第一次连着物体拉弹簧时,产生的力和,第二次连着大象拉弹簧时产生的力是相等的呢

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It says, if you pull it to the right, so that x is positive, the spring will exert a force which is in the negative direction; that's why you have a minus sign.

就是说,如果你向右拉,x 取正值,弹簧产生的力方向为负,这就是这里用负号的原因

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选