That ligand was one for which the cell had a receptor that further encouraged it to produce more of the ligand.

对于带有对应受体的细胞来说,这种配体能够刺激细胞产生更多的配体

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When they bind, they produce some change in the receptor molecule which is experienced inside the cell.

当它们结合后,会使受体分子发生改变,这个过程发生在细胞内部

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For example, what if I activated this cell by encouraging it to produce this particular ligand?

如果促使细胞产生这种特定的配体,以此来激活细胞 会出现什么结果

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It's on the gene for hemoglobin and the hemoglobin that you produce if you have sickle cell anemia is not quite right because there's one base difference.

这个缺陷基因和血红蛋白有关,如果你有镰状红细胞贫血症,那你所产生的血红蛋白就不太正常,因为这里有一个碱基不同

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选