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BOJ officials deny reports that public pressure affected his decision but government spokesman Hirofumi Hirano welcomed the change.
VOA: standard.2009.12.03
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We looked at pressure change before, actually, in discussing the third law, the fact that the entropy goes to zero as the absolute temperature goes to zero for a pure,perfect crystal.
在讨论热力学第三定律的时候，我们讨论过压强变化,即对于纯净的完美晶体,随着温度下降到绝对零度熵也变成零。
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Now, we can do the same procedure for the pressure change.
下面我们对压强变化,做相同的事，我们所要做的是。
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The voice,believed to be that of Bin Laden, thus concludes President Obama is a weakened man and powerless to change course in Afghanistan because of "pressure groups."
VOA: standard.2009.09.14
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OK, now we actually would like to simplify this or to write this in terms of not the volume change, v2/v1 but the pressure change. So, we have V2 over V1.
接下来我们将要把问题简化,不用体积变化来描述，而改作用压强变化来描述，现在我们有。
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As new U.S.and U.N.economic sanctions are a response step up the pressure on Iran's economy, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei is urging his countrymen to change their habits.
VOA: standard.2010.07.23
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It's nR log of p2 over p1 for the process where there's a pressure change.
结果是dS等于nR乘以p2除以p1的对数,这是对压强变化的结果。
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Whereas under these conditions, these quantities, if you look at free energy change, for example at constant temperature and pressure, H you can still calculate H.
但是，在这些条件下，这些物理量，如果我们考察自由能的变化,例如在恒定的温度和压强下，我们仍然可以计算。
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It's a state function, so we're at constant temperature and pressure, and now we want to consider some chemical change or a phase transition or you name it.
这就是态函数，我们处于恒定的温度和压强之下，然后考虑某些化学变化或者相变,或者你想考虑的东西。
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Well, I can, for any given case, measure the pressure, determine the entropy and I'll know what the slope of change will be.
好的，对特定的情况，我可以测量压强，确定熵,并且知道这就是变化的速率。
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You just change volume to pressure and basically you're looking at enthalpy under a constant -- anything that's done at a constant volume path with energy, there's the same thing happening under constant pressure path for enthalpy.
可以看到这就是把体积换成了压强,一般我们都是在一种恒定状态下,考虑焓的，任何在恒容条件下,能伴随能量变化的东西，也在恒压条件下伴随焓同样地变化,所以你可以经常。
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So again with the Gibbs free energy, now I see how to determine, if I change the pressure, if I change the temperature by some modest amount, how much is the Gibbs free energy going to change?
再一次通过吉布斯自由能，我知道当我，适当的改变压强和，温度的时候，吉布斯自由能如何变化？
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How many moles of gas are there in each case, in reactants and products? If that changes, of course you know that the pressure in there is going to change at constant volume if the amount of gas in there is changing.
在反应物和生成物中，各有多少摩尔的气体？,如果它发生了变化,当然在等体条件下，如果气体的总量,发生了变化，压强也会发生变化。
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Now let's change the pressure and temperature and sweep through a whole range of pressures and temperatures and measure the volume in every one of them.
然后改变气压和温度,并且让气压和温度,取便所有可能的数值,测量相应的体积。
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I could change my external pressure through the whole process, and that's the path.
事实上外界压强,也不必固定。
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The additional change due to changing pressure volume is certainly measurable.
由于压强和体积的改变带来的,附加变化无疑是可以测量的。
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So I need, well the pressure is constant, but there's a change in volume.
压强不变，体积变化。
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It's going to take place in there. It's going to be a constant pressure, it might be open to the air, or even if it isn't, there might be plenty of room, and it's a liquid anyway, so the pressure isn't going to change significantly.
也许它是液体，它在这个位置,这是恒压的，它也许是连通大气的，就算不是，它也有，足够的空间，而它是液体,压强不会显著地改变。
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OK, we're going to do this reversibly, which means we're going to slowly change the external pressure very, very slightly at a time, so that at every point we're basically in equilibrium, p2/ until the pressure reaches a new smaller pressure p2.
整个过程保持可逆，外界压强,变化得很慢，每一个瞬间,都保持平衡，直到压强减小到末态值。
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It's tabulated in books, and this we can measure p in the experiment. Delta p here is the change in pressure from the left side to the right side, and we can put a thermometer, measure the temperature before the experiment and measure the temperature after the experiment.
这列在书上，这个量我们在,实验中也可以测量，在这里Δ,是从左边到右边的压强变化，我们可以放一个温度计，去测量实验前的温度,再去测量试验后的温度。
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We can change the pressure.
我们也可以改变压强。
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We're going to change the pressure above, Pext right now there's a p external, which is equal to p on the inside.
来改变外界条件，可以改变外界的压强，它将与气体压强p相等。
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