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Iran argues that it has a right to nuclear energy, a point of agreement with Western powers.
VOA: standard.2009.09.28
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It's much more relevant to set our zero point energy as the separation of a bond in terms of talking about the reactions that we'll usually be dealing with here.
更好的是把零点能定在,键断裂的时刻,在讨论化学反应的时候,而我们以后将经常遇到化学反应。
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And in this case we're going to look at silicone, and we'll say if you can point out to me which requires the least amount of energy.
这次我们要做的是关于硅的，我们来看看大家是不是,能够为我指出那一项需要消耗的能量最少。
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The sum of path number 2 and path number 3 get me to the same place, so the energy change by going through this time path, this intermediate point here back all the way to final state should be the same the red path.
而经过路径2和3可以3,到达同样的末态，因此经过路径,2和3带来的能量的变化，与路径1带来的,能量变化相同。
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And what the second point of Aufbau says is that as electrons begin to fill those levels the differences in energy may shift so that in an unoccupied state certain levels may be in the inverse order from how they are in the occupied state.
构造原理谈到的第二点是,当电子开始布满这些层时,能量差可能会有改变,所以在一个未占据的确定能级,可能与它们占据时,的排布顺序是相反的。
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And the other thing to point out is that the energy that an anti-bonding orbital is raised by, is the same amount as a bonding orbital is lowered by.
另外一个要指出的事情是,反键轨道引起的能量升高，和成键轨道引起的能量降低是相同的。
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And even though he could figure out that this wasn't possible, he still used this as a starting point, and what he did know was that these energy levels that were within hydrogen atom were quantized.
这是不可能的了,但他还是以此为出发点，他知道，氢原子的这些能级,是量子化的,而且他也知道，我们上节课所看到现象。
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At this point, we have no other choice but to double up before going to the next energy level, 2px so we'll put a second one in the 2 p x.
在这点上我们没有其他选择,而只有双倍填充,在到下一个能级之前，所以我们放入第二个电子至。
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So the point is, this balance between energy thatyou could think of as say bond energies in chemical reactions, and entropy that you can think of in terms of disorder, how many different possible combinations or configurations of something wrong, will dictate where the equilibrium lies.
关键在于，这种能量与熵之间的平衡,确定了平衡的条件，在化学中能量涉及键能，而熵和无序有关,即有多少可能的不同组合或者形位，二者的平衡会告诉我们平衡态是什么样子。
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At some point you're going to hit a well here, which is the point where it's most stabilized or at its lowest energy.
直到某一时刻，你会到达这个势阱，也就是体系最稳定,或者说能量最低的位置。
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So, we do this here for the photoelectric effect, and in terms of the photoelectric effect, what we know the important point is that the incoming photon has to be equal or greater in energy then the work function of the metal.
所以，我们做这个是为了说明，光电效应，在光电效应方面，我们知道的最重要的事情,就是入射的光子能量必须等于,或者大于金属的功函数。
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I want to point out that the zero energy is defined as when you have a naked proton -- where the electron has popped out -- that's what we've defined as zero energy up to this point when we're talking about single atoms.
我想指出，这里零点能的定义,是当我们只有一个裸露的质子,而没有电子时-,到目前为止对零点能一直采用这样的定义,当我们在讨论单个原子时。
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So what I want to point out is 3d2 what we said now is that the 3 d 2 is actually lower in energy, so if we were to rewrite this in terms of what the actual energy order is, 3d2 4s2 we should instead write it 3 d 2, 4 s 2.
所以我们想指出的是,我们现在所说的是,实际上能量比较低，所以如果我们重新的,写出实际的能量顺序，我们应该写出。
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We'll get to discussing that, but what I want to point out here again is the fact that instead of just being dependent on n, the energy level is dependent on both n and l.
我们将要讨论它，但是我想指出的是事实上能级不只是与n有关,而是与n和l都有关系，而且n不再是。
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z And what you need to remember is if the z 8 is equal to eight or greater, such as oxygen being the cut-off point, this sigma 2 p orbital is actually lower in energy than the pi 2 p orbitals, the molecular orbitals.
你们要记住如果,等于或者大于，就像O是分界点，这时sigma2p轨道,比π2p轨道能量更低。
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So as I tried to say on the board, we can have n equals 1, 1/2 but since we can't have n equals 1/2, we actually can't have a binding energy that's anywhere in between these levels that are indicated here. And that's a really important point for something that comes out of solving the Schrodinger equation is this quantization of energy levels.
我在这要说的是，我们可以让n等于，但不能让n等于,我们不能得到在这些标出来的,能级之间的结合能，能级的量子化,是从解薛定谔方程中,得到的很重要的一点。
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