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But she noted that the United States and its partners in the P-Five-Plus-One group the five permanent U.N.Security Council member countries and Germany are pursuing a two-track strategy of incentives for Iranian nuclear cooperation and "consequences" if it fails to fulfill international nuclear obligations.
VOA: standard.2009.11.09
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U OK, so let's look at delta u. Delta u is q plus w.
好的，让我们看看Δ
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One is, du, u is called the internal energy dw or just the energy, is equal to dq plus dw.
其中一个是：du，u是内能,或能量，等于dq加上。
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Senior diplomats of the five permanent U.N.Security Council member countries and Germany -the P-Five-plus-One-are to meet at the end of this month in Geneva with Iran's nuclear negotiator to review Tehran's overall response to their offer of incentives for it to curb enrichment and return to negotiations.
VOA: standard.2009.10.24
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Enthalpy is just u plus p V.
你想要的任何地方。
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u=q+w All right, what is delta u? delta u is q plus w.
好，Δu是多少？Δ
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OK, delta H is delta of u plus pV. By definition that's how we define enthalpy up here.
好，ΔH=Δ,根据定义，这就是我们。
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q Work is zero. Delta u is w plus q, work plus heat. This is zero, this isn't.
功是零，△U是w加，功加上热量，这个是零。
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Where the Gibbs free energy, TS u plus pV minus TS is H minus TS.
吉布斯自由能等于，内能u加上pV减去TS，也是自由焓H减去。
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RT So it's delta u plus RT, we can say T1 is the n temperature we've used here, delta n of the gas.
所以它应该是ΔU加,我们可以在这里用T1，气体的Δ
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Step three to four isothermal compression, w2 delta u is going to be q2 plus w2.
第三步，到四点的等温压缩，Δu等于q2加。
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TS And that is G, u plus pV minus TS.
用G来表示，u加pV减去。
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So what happens then we're going to use the ideal gas law. So it's approximately delta u plus delta nRT. That's a constant. That's a constant.
我们现在要应用理想气体物态方程,这个近似等于ΔU加上Δ,这是常数，这是常数。
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H=qp The u plus p V. Delta H is equal to q V.
括号里面的就是H，等于u+pv，Δ
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U And then if we can also determine delta u, then we know this, we know delta u is q plus w w, then we can determine work as well, right?
然后，如果我们也能定出△,然后我们知道这个,我们知道△U等于q加？
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pV So our H is u plus pV, as you know.
我们的自由焓H等于内能u加上。
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And of course, in either case, w delta u is q plus w, so it's q irreversible plus w irreversible, u being a state function it's the same in either case.
当然了，在这两个过程中，Δu都等于q加，因此现在是q不可逆加w不可逆，同时u在这两个过程中都是态函数。
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Delta u is q plus w. Delta u isn't zero.
U是q+w，△U不是零。
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U It's u, because u is to q plus w right, heat and work, but it's adiabatic. So there's no heat, exchange with the environment, and it's constant volume, so there's no p dV work, right.
什么是零？是U，因为,等于q加w，热量和功，但这是绝热的，所以系统与环境间没有热量交换；,同时它是灯体的，所以也没有pdV形式的功。
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What's u plus pV?
内能u加上pv是什么？
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OK, so for a constant volume process, du we can write du, partial derivative of dT u with respect to T at constant V, dT, dv plus partial derivative of u at constant V, dV.
好，对于一个恒定体积的过程，我们可以写出,等于偏u偏T，V不变，加上偏u偏V，T不变。
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