Turn now to the second basic view, the physicalist view, according to which a person is just a body.

现在我们转而讨论第二个基本观念,物理主义观,核心思想是人只是个肉体

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Well,on the body view,we have to say the same thing about being a person.

从身体角度来看，也能给作为人同样的说法。

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He would study some person from a certain point of view.

他会从某个角度去审视一个人。

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The person who best captures the unconstrained view, Benjamin Constant, French philosopher and politician, " "It is for self-perfectioning that destiny calls us."

最好地阐述了本性受约束观点的人，法国哲学家政治家Benjamin，Constant说，“命运召唤我们进行自我完善“

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The dualist view, according to which a person is a body and a soul.

二元论认为,人是由肉体和灵魂两部分组成

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And indeed,although I'm alive on the body view,I'm not still a person.

虽然我在肉体理论下是存活的，但已经不作为人存在。

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But on the physicalist view, a person is just a body.

但是物理主义认为,人只是个纯粹的肉体

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That's the first basic view about the nature of a person.

这是关于人本质的第一个基本观念

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On the body view,it could still be me without being a person at all.

在肉体角度看来，不作为人还可以成为我。

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And it seems that if we accept the body view, we have to say being a person is not an essential property of being something like me.

似乎如果我们接受了肉体理论，就必须说作为一个人,并不是作为我的基本性质。

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According to the personality view, what makes somebody in the future the same person as somebody in the past is if it's part of the same ongoing personality.

根据人格理论，将来之某人与过去之某人为同一人,条件是拥有相同持续人格中的部分。

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So on the monist view-- which we'll call "Physicalism," because it says that what people just are, are these physical objects--on the physicalist view, a person is just a body that can...you fill in the blank.

所以一元论观点,我们称作其为"物理主义",因为它认为人只不过,是个物理对象,物理主义认为,人只是可以...你能举出很多例子

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Now, the crucial point here, the point I was turning to as we ended last time, is that although a person on the physicalist view is just a body, a person isn't just any old body.

但问题的中心,即我在上次结课前谈到的关键点,在于尽管从物理主义的角度来看,人只是肉体,但并不是普通的肉体

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For you or for me, it is not a challenge to walk around these cubes, or the audience or somebody from different points of view and recognize that they are really the same person.

对于我们这样的人，换个角度绕场行走，围着某个观众或者其他人去走,会认识到他们是同一个人。

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According to the physicalist view, a person is just a body that can do all of those things: can reflect, can be rational, can communicate, can make plans, can fall in love, can write poetry.

根据物理主义的观点,人是一个可以做以下事情的肉体,可以思考,可以理性,可以与人交流,可以制定计划,可以彼此相爱,可以写诗

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