The phosphate is linked to this carbon on the pentose, and notice that there is a number on this carbon, it's called - it's the 5' carbon.

磷酸基连接在戊糖的一个碳原子上,注意在这个碳上有个数字,它叫做5'碳

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

these pentose molecules, whether it's ribose or deoxyribose, the carbons are numbered the same 1', 2', 3', 4', 5', those are the five carbons that make up the pentose.

这些戊糖分子,不管是核糖还是脱氧核糖,碳都是从1'标注到5',也就是构成戊糖的5个碳原子

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If I drew this altogether and this is one particular nucleic acid, now shown in more detail, all of the carbons of the pentose are shown here, the phosphate is shown, and a base is shown.

如果我把这个放在一起,这个核酸分子,让你们看得到更多细节,戊糖的五个碳都在这儿,磷酸基在这儿,碱基在这儿

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It wouldn't be the same if I turned it upside down because the carbons - the rings here, the pentose's would all be turned over, the chemistry would look different and the sequence of bases would look different.

记住单链倒过来,就和原来不一样了,这是因为碳原子和糖环结构,戊糖会翻转,使得这个化学结构看起来不一样了,碱基的顺序也不一样了

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This represents the upright struts on a ladder that I showed you before, it represents this backbone that's shown by - that's formed by polymerizing the pentose's together through phosphate's always going 5' to 3', 5' to 3'.

线条代表梯子,上下的支柱 之前给你们演示过,代表由多聚戊糖分子,通过磷酸基从5'端向3'端方向,连接起来的主链

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It's the phosphate and the pentose that make up the backbone - that make up the upright struts of the ladder and it's the bases that make up the connecting struts, so the bases are the colors.

磷酸基和戊糖,共同构成了主链,主链又构成了梯子上下的支柱,而碱基,则构成连接支柱的梯阶,碱基是用各种颜色表示的

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You can just say it's RNA or DNA and you know everything about the pentose in every molecule on the chain.

你只需要说它是一个RNA或者DNA,就能知道,每个核苷酸分子的戊糖

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Every unit in the backbone of this ladder has the same sugar unit, the same pentose; it's either RNA or DNA and has ribose or deoxyribose, so you don't need to describe the whole thing.

主链的每个单位,都由相同的糖单位构成,同样的戊糖,RNA里是核糖,DNA里是脱氧核糖,所以你不需要所有细节都描述

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选