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Hear, O Israel! Yahweh is our God, Yahweh alone. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. Take to heart these instructions with which I charge you this day.
以色列啊！你要听：耶和华我们神是独一的主你要尽心,尽性，尽力爱耶和华你的神,我今日所吩咐你的话都要记在心上。
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But we can only remember, he thinks, in the relevant way if our soul existed before the birth of our body, before the creation of our body.
但是我们之前知道,他认为我们的灵魂,存在于我们的身体诞生之前,在我们的身体被创造之前
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Our soul will continue to exist.
我们的灵魂会继续存在
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Well, there are the various parts of our physical body, but there's also our soul. Remember, as I said, in introducing the Phaedo, Plato doesn't so much argue for the existence of something separate, the soul, as presuppose it.
肉体由许多不同的部件组成,但是同样也有灵魂,我在介绍斐多篇的时候,提到柏拉图并没有花大力气,去辩证肉体之外存在个什么东西,他直接默认了灵魂的存在
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And given this existence of this immaterial soul, it's a possibility, indeed a fair likelihood, hat we will survive our deaths.
鉴于它们的存在，这是可能的，也的确是有这样的可能性的，让我们能在死亡后继续存在。
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The soul, we now say, based on the argument from recollection, the soul is one of our prior parts.
我们现在讲灵魂,在源于记忆的论证的基础上，灵魂是我们之前的一部分。
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Remember our concern isn't straightly speaking with the question did the soul exist before our birth, did the soul exist before our bodies, but rather is the soul is immortal.
记住我们关注的并非是,对以下问题之前的回答,即灵魂是否先于出生而存在，灵魂是否先于身体而存在，而是灵魂是否不朽。
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What we need to really become convienced of the immortality of the soul even if we were convinced, is not the mere suggestion that the soul was around before our birth.
能真正说服我们,灵魂是不朽的,即使我们承认灵魂不朽，并不仅仅是因为,灵魂存在于出生之前这样的推测。
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My point here was only to say we shouldn't be so quick to think that we have to believe in the existence of a soul in order to explain our having free will.
我的观点不过就是说我们不应该这么草率地,认为我们不得不相信,灵魂的存在,从而解释我们有自由意志
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So the mere fact that we decide, if we do ultimately decide that there is a soul, something nonphysical, separate and distinct from the body, doesn't guarantee that we survive our physical death.
根据我们仅有的事实去判断,如果我们最终判定灵魂是存在的,它是一种无形的,独立的,与肉体截然不同的东西,但仍不能保证我们会在肉体死亡后活下来
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When Plato asked himself how could that be, the answer he gave is, well, it's got to be we were previous acquainted with the forms before our life in this world, and that shows that the soul must be something that existed prior to the creation of the body.
柏拉图问自己这究竟是怎么回事，他给出的答案是,我们有生命以前就,已经熟悉了这些形式，这就表明灵魂是在,身体存在之前就已经具有的了。
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If we give him number two, it's going to follow that whatever's doing the grasping-- call that the soul since the soul is just Plato's word for our mind-- if whatever's doing the grasping of the eternal and non-physical forms must itself be eternal and non-physical, it follows that the soul must be non-physical.
假如我们承认前提二,那么接下来就是不管是什么事物在认知,姑且称之为灵魂好了,因为灵魂是柏拉图对我们心灵的称呼,假如能够认知永恒,和非现实型相的事物本身必须是,永恒和非现实的,那么灵魂必须是非现实的
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As I said, we've been considering different kinds of arguments for the existence of a soul, each of which appeals to some feature about us-- our creativity, our ability to feel, the fact that we have a qualitative aspect of experience, our ability to reason-- what have you.
我说过,我们考察了各种各样,证明灵魂存在的论证,每一种都诉诸我们的某种特性,我们的创造性,我们的感知能力,当然还有我们定性方面的经验,我们推理的能力,诸如此类的
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Crucial point, of course, the attraction of the dualist view, from our point of view, is that if there's a soul as well as the body, and the soul is something immaterial, then when the body dies, when we have B1 through Bn and the death of the body occurs.
当然,至关重要的一点,二元论观点的引人之处在于,就我们而言,如果肉体与灵魂同时存在,而且如果灵魂是非物质,那么当肉体死亡的时候,就像之前的B1到Bn的过程,直到肉体死亡
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