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If another photon strikes one of these high-energy electrons, the electron releases two photons that travel together at the same wavelength.
VOA: special.2010.09.01
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The electronic configuration, all it is is the shorthand notation for that one electron approximation for the Schrodinger equation for lithium.
电子构型就是，对于锂的薛定谔方程,的单电子近似的,简化形式。
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So, you might have noticed that we will have spent about 6 and 1/2 lectures just getting to the point where we have only one electron, so we're only up hydrogen so far.
你们可能已经注意到了,我们已经花了６周半的时间,来仅仅是讲到单电子问题的情形，我们现在只研究氢原子。
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And, if you look carefully, it tries to give the sense of a one electron system.
如果你仔细的观察的话，它试图给人一种单电子系统的感觉。
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So, second ionization energy simply means you've already taken one electron out, now how much energy does it take for you to take a second electron out.
第二电离能简单地说就是,在你已经拿走一个电子以后，再拿走第二个电子,所需要消耗的能量。
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There is Bohr at the center, and there is Heisenberg who is the one electron orbiting the center.
波尔在中间，这儿是海森堡,就像一个电子围绕着中心运转。
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We talked about that quite in depth, but there are some differences now that we have more than one electron in the atom.
但是这里有一些不同的是，现在我们考虑的原子中,有多于一个,的电子。
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So, let's write this one electron orbital approximation for berylium, that sounds like a pretty complicated question, but hopefully we know that it's not at all, 1s22s2 it's just 1 s 2, and then 2 s 2.
所以让我们写出,铍的单电子轨道近似，那听起来像是一个更为复杂的问题，但是希望我们知道它一点都不是，它仅仅是。
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This one is calculable by the Bohr model because lithium 2plus is a one electron system.
这个可以通过波尔模型计算而得到,因为锂2+是单电子系统。
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So, I've got something that's one electron away from the electronic structure of neon.
所以，我知道了钠的电子结构和氖,只差一个电子。
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What I want to point out also is that this h hat, the Hamiltonian operator written out for the simplest case we can even imagine, which is a hydrogen atom where we only have one electron that we're dealing with, and of course, one nucleus.
我也想指出的是，我们能想到的最简单情况,的哈密顿算符，是一个只有一个电子,也只有一个原子核的氢原子。
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These are all one electron atoms, and they are gas, a single atom.
这些都是单电子原子，它们都是气体，都是单原子。
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Well, this chlorine has taken one electron from the sulfur.
对了，这个氯从硫那里得到了一个电子。
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OK, and it's got one electron only, one electron only.
好的，仅仅有一个电子，一个电子。
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If you think about what happens when we go from hydrogen to helium, now instead of one electron, we have to describe two electrons, so now we have six position variables that we need to plug into our Schrodinger equation.
如果你们考虑,当我们从氢到氦会发生些什么，现在我们不是要描述一个电子，我们将要描述两个电子，所有我们现在将有6个位置变量,需要加入至薛定谔方程。
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We have a helium nucleus and one electron.
我们有一个氦核和一个电子。
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So there's one electron in each hydrogen atom.
所以每个氢原子中有两个电子。
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Lithium 2plus is a one electron atom.
锂二正离子是单电子原子。
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How many electrons in the one electron system, right?
一个单电子系统中有多少个电子，对吗？
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In other words, this could be any one electron system.
另一方面，这可能是单电子系统。
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So let's compare what some of the similarities and differences are between hydrogen atom orbitals, which we spent a lot of time studying, and now these one electron orbital approximations for these multi-electron atoms.
很长时间的氢原子轨道和,现在多电子原子中,的单个电子轨道近似，我们可以对比，它们之间,的相似性和不同。
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So now that we can do this, we can compare and think about, we know how to consider wave functions for individual electrons in multi-electron atoms using those Hartree orbitals or the one electron wave approximations.
现在我们可以做这些了，我们可以对比和考虑，我们知道如何用哈特里轨道,或者单电子波近似去考虑,多电子原子中的单个电子波函数,所以对于我们研究了。
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So, what we say here is we need to take a step back here and come up with an approximation that's going to allow us to think about using the Schrodinger equation when we're not just talking about hydrogen or one electron, but when we have these multi-electron atoms.
所有我们这里要说的是,我们需要退回一步,做一个近似,那样可以使我们用,薛定谔方程来考虑,让我们不是仅仅在讨论氢原子或者,一个电子的时候，而是多个电子的原子。
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But, I'd give you another one electron system.
但是我给你的是另一个单电子系统。
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You have one electron at a higher energy.
一个电子在较高的能级。
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And that is not true for one electron atoms.
对于单个原子来说，不是这样的。
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OK, atomic hydrogen, one proton, one electron.
原子氢，单个质子，单电子。
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So, shielding happens when you have more than one electron in an atom, and the reason that it's happening is because you're actually canceling out some of that positive charge from the nucleus or that attractive force with a repulsive force between two electrons.
所以当你们在原子中有多于一个电子,屏蔽就会发生，它之所以会发生的原因是,你们实际上抵消了,一些来自原子核的正电荷,或者来自吸引力,在两个电子之间。
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So, helium plus is a one electron system.
所以氦正离子是一个单电子系统。
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That is one electron volt.
就是一单位的电子伏特。
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