And we put up this hypothesis that our observation is that octet stability seems to be an attractive electron configuration.
我们把假设置于我们的观察之上,即8电子稳定体系,似乎是一种吸引人的电子图像。
So, in order to fill our octet, what we do is put two on the nitrogen and two on the carbon.
因此,为了填满我们的“八隅体“,我们需要将两个放到氮上,将另外两个放到碳上。
Let's say, suppose we hypothesize that an octet of the electrons is going to lead to stability.
假设我们猜测,八电子结构能够带来稳定。
So, we have an octet of the electrons that seems to be associated with chemical inertness.
所以我们有八电子结构,它看起来和化学惰性有关。
So in order to fill them, he would have to have eight electrons or an octet around the cubes.
因此为了填满它们,他必须放上八个电子或者说一个“八隅体“,在立方体周围。
OK, last day, you talked about the Born-Haber cycle, and octet stability via electron transfer.
言归正传,昨天我们讲的是伯恩哈勃循环,和8电子稳定结构。
Sodium has the electronic structure Now, that's not an octet, but it's not far.
钠的电子结构是,现在它还不是一个八电子结构,但差的并不多。
So this is the idea of the octet rule that Lewis came up with way back in 1902.
这就是所谓的八隅体规则,是路易斯在,1902,年提出来的。
The nitrogen. The reason being that's the only one that didn't have a full octet yet.
氮,因为只有它的“八隅体“,还没有填满。
So, if we're talking about hydrogen, that's our one exception so far to the octet rule.
那么,如果我们讨论的是氢原子,它是目前我们遇到的八隅体规则的唯一例外。
Octet stability is the term applied to this feature.
八电子稳定结构反映的就是这个特性。
We started with this hypothesis of octet stability and I'm talking about properties of ionic crystals.
我们从八隅律的稳定性假设开始,我们讨论到了离子晶体的性质。
And then we said you can also achieve octet stability and electron transfer if you look at elements that are just a little bit rich of electrons versus octet stability or a little bit lean of electrons.
然后我们说你还能达到8电子稳态,以及电子的转移,如果你看看,那些电子较多的元素,违背8偶律,或者有一点缺电子。
So, we see is when we use the octet rule to look at fluorine molecule, we're combining two fluorine atoms, and what we end up with is an f f molecule where they're sharing two electrons, so making that covalent bond.
那么,我们看到把八隅体规则用到氟分子上,就是把两个氟原子组合起来,最终得到的氟分子中两个原子,共用一对电子,这就构成了共价键。
We'd have to figure out a way to achieve octet stability by electron transfer.
我们需要找到一个可以通过电子转移,而实现八隅体的方式。
But that each individual fluorine atom has eight electrons, or full octet around it.
但是每个氟原子现在都有八个电子,或者说周围有一个填满的八隅体。
And, we have achieved octet stability in the same way.
我们也同样实现了八隅体。
So, the octet rule is a general rule that you'll for all of the atoms.
因此,八隅体规则是一条普适的规则,对于所有原子来说都是。
The chlorine, it's not an octet here.
同样氯也不是八电子结构。
So I said that we want to be talking about valence electrons here, so that means if we're talking about, for example, the octet rule for an f f molecule where we have two fluorine atoms, we need to write the valence electrons as dots around them.
我说过我们在这要讨论的是价电子,这就意味着,如果我们要讨论,比如,关于两个氟原子组成的分子的八隅体规则,我们首先需要把价电子画成围绕在它们周围的点。
And, I've achieved octet stability in a new way.
这样,我就以一种新方式得到八电子稳定结构。
Here is octet for the left, octet for the right.
左边和右边的氮原子都满足八隅律。
And this occurs in order to achieve octet stability.
这些的发生是为了达到8电子稳态结构。
Why? To get a stable octet.
为什么呢,是为了得到一个稳定的单元。
So, it would achieve octet stability.
所以它就能达到稳定结构。
And as a result of that, the achieving of octet stability via electron transfer tumbled to the idea of an ionic bond where one atom donates an electron completely to the other atom, sort of like servanthood.
有了他们,也就是形成八隅体的稳定结构,通过电子的扰动形成理想的离子键,这儿一个原子完全将一个电子,给另一个原子,有点像奴仆关系。
So remember, that when we talked about Lewis structure, the organizing principle behind Lewis structures is the idea that within the molecule the atoms are going to arrange their valence electrons, such that each atom within the molecule has a complete octet or full outer shell.
记得,当我们讨论路易斯结构的时候,路易斯结构所遵循的组织原则是这样一种思路,那就是分子中的原子都倾向于,重新安排它们的价电子,使得分子有一个完整的,“八隅体“或者排满的外壳层。
So, we need to fill our octet for selenium, so 1, 2, 3, 4.So, this is our Lewis structure here, hopefully you can see why it's not linear.
我们要填满硒原子的八配位,所以1,2,3,4。这就是Lewis结构,希望你们能看出来为什么它不是直线型的。
So, remember, boron was one of those exceptions to our Lewis structure rules where it was perfectly happy not having a full octet.
所以我们可以加上3个氢原子,对于BH3,这是个稳定结构,记住,B是Lewis结构的一个特例。
Last day, Professor Ballinger Lewis introduced you to Lewis who taught us that octet stability could be achieved via electron sharing as an alternative to electron transfer.
昨天,ballinger教授,把我介绍给,他教我们八隅律可以,作为电子传递的方式,可以通过共享电子来实现。
应用推荐