There's two--One technical distinction that people love to put on Intro Psych exams is that the difference between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.

心理学导论的考试中,会经常考到一个术语上的区别,即正强化,与负强化之间的区别。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

The difference is in positive reinforcement you do something; in negative reinforcement you take away something aversive.

区别就是，在正强化中你接受某种刺激;,而在负强化中你回避了某种厌恶刺激。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

it's an easy calculation -- we're just taking the negative of the binding energy, again that makes sense, because it's this difference in energy here. So what we get is that the binding energy, when it's negative, the ionization energy is 5 . 4 5 times 10 to the negative 19 joules.

这个计算很简单-我们,只需要取结合能的负值,同样这很容易理解，因为这就是这的能量差,所以我们得到的就是结合能,当它取负值，电离能就是5。45乘以。

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I mean, if you do the--If you look at the results for the study, it turns out that there is an association as bias to view white Americans as positive and African Americans as negative but it shows up in half a second difference.

如果你看这些研究的结果，你会发现人们有一种偏见,把白人和积极的意义联系在一起,把黑人与消极的意义联系在一起,你只有看这半秒的差别，才能发现这种偏见。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选