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We'll get to discussing that, but what I want to point out here again is the fact that instead of just being dependent on n, the energy level is dependent on both n and l.
我们将要讨论它，但是我想指出的是事实上能级不只是与n有关,而是与n和l都有关系，而且n不再是。
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n l So negative e, which is sub n l, because it's a function of n and l in terms of quantum numbers.
也就是负的，E，下标是，因为它是一个,关于量子数，n，和，l，的函数。
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It turns out there's a new function strlen S-T-R-L-E-N that you probably have not used yet called strlen, S-T-R-L-E-N, programmers early on and still like to be succinct but communicates sufficiently what they mean.
结果这里有个新的函数,你可能没有使用过，叫做，早期的和现在的程序员喜欢简洁地,但是能充分的传达他们的意思。
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n l m s Once we have chosen a certain mix of n, l, m and s, it is used once for that particular atom.
一旦我们选定了一组量子数，它就只能被一个固定原子所有。
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I think most and you are familiar with the Aufbau or the building up principle, you probably have seen it quite a bit in high school, and this is the idea that we're filling up our energy states, again, which depend on both n and l, one electron at a time starting with that lowest energy and then working our way up into higher and higher orbitals.
我认为你们大多数熟悉奥弗堡,或者构建原理，你们可能,在高中见过它，又一次,这是我们填充能级的观点，与n和l有关，一个电子每次从,最低的能级开始,然后以我们的方式上升到,更高更高的轨道。
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And we can calculate that with the formula that we used, which was just n minus l minus 1 equals the number of nodes.
这个我们可以用我们以前用过的那个公式来计算，也就是节点数等于ｎ减去ｌ减去１
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In contrast, if we're taking the wave function and describing it in terms of n, l, m sub l, and now also, the spin, what are we describing here?
相反，如果我们考虑一个波函数,然后用ｎ，ｌ，ｍ小标ｌ,还有自旋，我们描述的是什么？
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So if we're keeping n the same, we look and what we saw was that size actually decreases as we increase the value of l.
如果我们保持ｎ不变，我们看到随着ｌ值的,增大尺寸变小。
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So let's just think exactly what this means, and that means that if we take away function and we define it in terms of n, l and m sub l, what we're defining here is the complete description of an orbital.
让我们来考虑一下这是什么意思，这是说如果我们不考虑波函数,而是用ｎ，ｌ，ｍ下标ｌ来定义它，我们定义的,是一个轨道的完整描述。
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And unlike n, l can start all the way down at 0, and it increases by integer value, so we go 1, 2, 3, and all the way up.
不像n，l可以从0开始取，然后每次增加一个整数，所以我们可以去1，2，3，一直下去。
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s We are back over to E as a function of n, l, m and s, only we got there through this other torturous route.
我们回到将E作为函数n，l和，只要我们解决了这个烦人的路径。
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So, our next level up that we can go is going to be the n equals 2 energy level, but we also have an l and an m value, 0 so our lowest l is going to be a there.
所以下一个能量,是n等于2的能级，但我们还有l和m的值，所以我们最低的l等于。
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So finally, if we talk about our last example of when n is going to be equal 2, l -1 and then minus 1 for m.
最后我们要讲的,这个例子，是n等于2时，等于1，we，can，have，2，，1，for，l,而m等于。
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ml=-2 So let's say we have n equals 4, and n sub l equalling negative 2.
这里n等于。
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We know that the orbitals for multi-electron atoms depend both on n and on l.
我们知道对于多电子原子轨道,是依赖于n和l的。
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So when we talk about a wave function squared, n l m he wave function, any one that we specify between n, l and m, at any position that we specify based on r, theta, and phi.
一个波函数,的平方时，对特定,特定位置r，theta，phi波函数，取平方,如果我们取平方。
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And, if we go to n equals two, this would be the l shell.
而当n等于2时，也就是L层。
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And is no longer that sole determining factor for energy, energy also depends both l on n and on l.
对于能量的,唯一决定性因素,它也依赖于n和。
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And we talked about the equation you can use for radial nodes last time, and that's just n minus 1 minus l.
我们讲过这个用于,计算径向节点的方程，也就是ｎ减去ｌ减去１
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And the complete description, as I said, n l m is from n l and m.
我说过完整的描述，需要。
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PROFESSOR: OK. We can have n 4, l 3, and then, sure, we can have m sub l equal negative 2 if l equals 3 What's the second value of l that we can have?
教授：嗯，我们有ｎ４，ｌ３,然后我们有ｍｌ等于－２，如果ｌ等于３,ｌ可以有的第二个值是多少？
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So, it would be a good question to ask n why are we limited clearly there's this relationship between l and n, and we can't get any higher than n equals one.
那我们要问了,为什么我们被限制了，很明显，l和,有关系，为什么不能取到，n-1更大的值。
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l So, if we're talking about a 4 p orbital, and our equation is n minus 1 minus l, the principle quantum number is 1 4, 1 is 1 -- what is l for a p orbital?
我们方程是n减去1减去，主量子数是，4，1是1，--p轨道的l是多少？,学生：
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So if we say that we have a 2 p orbital here, that means that we can have 2 how many different complete orbitals have a 2 for an n, and a p as its l value? three.
如果我们说这里有一个“2p“轨道，那就意味着我们有,多少完全不同的轨道对于n有一个,而且对于l值有一个p？3个。
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And what you can see is that 0 for any n that has an l equals 0, you can see here how there's only one possibility for and orbital description, and that's why we don't need to include the m m when we're talking about and s orbital.
你们可以看到,对于任何n，如果l等于，你们从这里可以看到，只有，一种,可能的轨道描述，所以,当讨论s轨道的时候,不需要考虑。
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