These genes are involved in a number of inherited metabolic disorders, including Tay Sachs, a rare,incurable and usually fatal disease that causes the destruction of nerve cells in young children.

VOA: standard.2010.02.11

Different amount of metabolic activity because one has a greater volume of cytoplasm than the other, for example, so these are exactly the right kinds of ideas.

大小不同,代谢活动的总量就会不同,可能因为一个细胞的胞质比另一个体积大,以上这些观点都是非常正确的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We sense food coming in, that sets into gear a series of metabolic and biological processes that are very interesting, and then of course once the food gets in the body it does lots of interesting things-- some good things and some bad things.

美食当前,食指大动,身体从而启动一系列新陈代谢过程,和有趣的生物过程,而且,当食物进入身体,它就产生许多有趣的效应,这些效应有好有坏

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Suppose we put somebody in a state of suspended animation, cool their body down so that the various metabolic processes come to an end.

假设我们让某人,进入假死状态，将他们的身体降温,所有的代谢过程都停止。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

This first slide shows a graph of the impact of having metabolic syndrome on heart disease and its consequences.

这张图表明了代谢综合征,对心脏病的影响以及造成的结果

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

You'll see a graph with yellow lines, yellow bars that are people without the metabolic syndrome and red bars are people with.

图上黄色柱子表示没有患代谢综合征的人,红色柱子表示患有代谢综合征的人

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

There's one particular issue with overnutrition called the metabolic syndrome that I'd like to talk about and show you a little data on.

代谢综合征是我将讨论并列举数据的,其中一个与营养过剩有关的问题

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Plus, there are some natural metabolic variability and I'll describe that in a subsequent lecture.

另外,这里面有自然的新陈代谢差异,我会在随后的课堂上讲解

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

So if a food belongs to a class of foods that a class of items that contributes to that internal metabolic havoc, would that be reason to consider it a non-food?

如果某种食物,可以引起机体内代谢紊乱,将它们认定为非食品是否合理呢

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

When you look at the risk of consequences from metabolic syndrome in the population, you have to know a person's race to some extent to understand how high their risk really is.

如果想要考察某人群,患代谢综合征的风险,就要知道一定的种族信息,这样才能较准确地知道他们的患病风险度

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

There are also interesting breakdowns by gender, and so if we look at the males and the females on the left here, you see that the females have a higher risk of consequences if they have metabolic syndrome then the males do.

不同性别患代谢综合征的情况也有差异,左边两个柱子分别代表男性和女性,可以看出患代谢综合征的女性的患病风险,比男性患者要高

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

As we'll discuss in the class, and most of you probably know this, your body weight is a function of how many calories you take in and how many calories you burn off through metabolic processes but also physical activity.

我们将会讲到,而且你们中的大部分人可能也知道,你的体重随着卡路里的摄取量,和代谢中的消耗量而变化,还跟肢体活动有关

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

In that process there is a metabolic engine at work, and some people have an efficient engine so that the calories in get banked in the fat, other people have an inefficient engine, that is the calories get wasted as body heat and things like that, and they tend not to gain weight.

这过程中人体内有个工作着的代谢引擎,有些人的代谢引擎效率很高,热量便转化为脂肪储存起来,另一些人的效率低下,能量就以体温等形式被浪费了,因此他们就不容易发胖

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

MI stands for heart attack, myocardial infarction, and in this case you see an even bigger differential of people with a metabolic syndrome having even more elevated risk then they did for stroke.

I表示心脏病发作,心肌梗塞,在此可以看到患有代谢综合征的患者,比非患者心脏病发病风险更高

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选