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Mental health problems can affect work,school,marriage, and life in general.
VOA: special.2010.04.13
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Consciousness, if what we mean by consciousness is this qualitative aspect of our mental life, consciousness remains a pretty big mystery.
如果我们所说的意识,就是指我们心理活动定性的方面,那么意识还是一个很大的谜团
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Fish don't have any of that, so no offense to fish but it's— fish don't have much of a mental life.
鱼类并没有大脑皮层,无意冒犯鱼类,只不过,鱼类并没有什么心理活动
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But there's clearly a side of our mental life, the emotional side, where we might really worry, could a robot feel love?
显然我们的某个精神方面,情绪方面,才我们最为担心的,机器人能感觉到爱吗
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But I also have a weakness for the less common mental disorders that I think tell us something really interesting about mental life.
但我对那些不太常见的心理障碍,也并不是非常了解,不过我倒认为这些不常见的心理障碍,却向我们展示了心理活动有意思的一面
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But what's new is we can now in different ways see the direct effects of mental life.
但最新的情况是,我们现在可以从不同的角度出发,探究心理活动所带来的直接影响
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We will go over and over and over again different case studies where some really interesting aspects of mental life prove to be unconscious.
我们会反复地讨论一些不同的个案研究,这些个案研究都证明了,心理活动的某些方面确实是无意识的。
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And this suggests that the ability to learn language and understand language is to some extent separate from these other aspects of mental life.
这表明学习语言和理解语言的能力,在某种程度上是独立于,其他方面的心理活动的
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Studies using imaging techniques like CAT scans, PET, and fMRI, illustrate that different parts of the brain are active during different parts of mental life.
应用电脑断层扫描,正电子发射断层扫描,以及功能性核磁共振成像,等成像技术的研究,表明不同的心理活动,会导致不同大脑区域的激活
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You may choose to embrace dualism, reject the idea that the brain is responsible for mental life, and reject the promise of a scientific psychology.
你也可以选择身心二元论,拒绝承认大脑引起心理活动,看低科学心理学的前景
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but rather, why is this tiny subset of mental life-- " why is this conscious?
而应该是“为什么心理活动的一小部分-,为什么这一小部分是有意识的？
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there is strong evidence that the brain is involved in mental life.
大量有力证据证明,大脑参与了人类的心理活动
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Now, so what you have is- the scientific consensus is that all of mental life including consciousness and emotions and choice and morality are the products of brain activities.
现在你们知道了,现有的科学共识是,所有的心理活动,包括意识,情绪,选择,道德,都是大脑活动的产物
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So maybe if we want to say machines don't have a mental life and couldn't have a mental life, what we really mean is no machine could feel anything emotionally.
所以如果我们说机器,没有也不可能有精神生活,我们真正的意思是,机器不能对事物产生情绪
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The second bit of humility we'll end the class on is I am presenting here, and I'll be presenting throughout this semester, what you can call a mechanistic conception of mental life.
要谦虚承认的另一点是,我们讲完就下课,我现在所提到的,而且整个学期我都会提到,叫做心理活动的机械论观点
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And what a case like this, where somebody is in a coma, is without consciousness as a result of damage to the brain, is a stark illustration of the physical nature of mental life.
想象一下这样的情况,某人正陷于昏迷之中,由于脑部损伤而失去了意识,这是心理活动的生理属性毫无修饰的图解
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The physical basis for everything that we normally hold dear, like free will, consciousness, morality and emotions, and that's what we'll begin the course with, talking about how a physical thing can give rise to mental life.
我们所拥有的一切的生理基础,如自由意志,意识,道德和情绪,我们的课程将会以此作为开始,讨论生理的东西如何能产生心理活动
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Somebody who hold a--held a dualist view that said that what we do and what we decide and what we think and what we want are all have nothing to do with the physical world, would be embarrassed by the fact that the brain seems to correspond in intricate and elaborate ways to our mental life.
持二元论观点的人们认为,我们的所做所为,我们的决策,我们的思考,我们的欲求,全部都与生理客体无关,二元论被,大脑与心理活动拥有复杂且紧密联系,的事实所否定
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They're theories of everything, encompassing just about everything that matters, day-to-day life, child development, mental illness, religion, war, love.
它们试图对世间的一切做出解释，包括了日常生活，儿童发展，心理疾病，宗教，战争及爱情。
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So, if something's missing from that life, there's more to the best kind of life than just having the right mental states, than just getting the insides right.
所以，如果这种生活有所欠缺，如果最美好的生活,不仅是获得良好的心理状态，也不仅是获得正确的内在感知。
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And it's through these clever ways that neurons can affect your mental life.
神经元会通过这些巧妙的方式,来影响你的心理活动
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