The mathematical theory of probability was unknown until that time and you can see that insurance suddenly made an appearance at that time.

在那之前,概率的数学理论,是不存在的,而随着概率论的出现,保险业也突然出现了

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

In the second lecture, I talked about the pooling of risks and the basic theme of that lecture was that we now have a mathematical theory, probability theory.

第二课，我讲了风险汇聚及分摊,那节课的主题是,一门数学理论，即概率论。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

I want to talk about Kahneman and Tversky's Prospect Theory, which is a very important and a little technical-- psychologists can become mathematical and technical as well.

我会谈到,卡尼曼和特维斯基的前景理论,这是很重要的理论,同时需要一定的数学计算,心理学家也可以精于计算,和擅用技巧

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

If you look at John Geanakoplos's course on Financial Theory, his mathematical concepts are central to his outline of the course; but this being a Financial Markets course, I'm dividing it up more in terms of markets and institutions.

如果你们听约翰·吉纳科普洛斯的,金融理论课,他的大纲中心部分,是金融学中的数学概念,而我们这是金融市场课,于是我从金融市场和,金融机构的角度来划分这一课

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选