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There are two classes, two broad classes of drug sort of type ligands that are defined, agonists and antagonists.
这样的配体药物有两类,目前已经明确的配体药物大体上分为两种,分别是激动剂和拮抗剂
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Sometimes receptors, when they interact with ligands, create changes in what proteins are actually being produced by the cell.
有时受体与配体结合后,带来的变化实际是,决定细胞开始合成何种蛋白质
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The signal comes in the form of molecules which we're going to call throughout the lecture here 'ligands'.
信号通常以分子的形式来传递,在这门课里我们把这种分子叫做配体
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They might have different ligands which stimulate them, but once they're stimulated they work the same way.
尽管激活它们的配体有所不同,但一旦被激活的话,接下来的机制就一样了
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The rest of these examples refer to receptors as I've been describing them and ligands that are soluble and can move around the body.
我接下来要讲的有关受体,以及能游走于体内各处可溶性的配体
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Where your cells experience those states is through these extra cellular ligands called insulin and glucagon.
细胞所经历的这些状态改变是受,胰岛素和胰高血糖素这些外源配体影响
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When these vesicles dump their contents into the synaptic cleft, the concentration of these ligands rise.
当这些小泡将其内含物释放入突触间隙,这些配体的浓度即增加
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The ligands are bringing some message, they transmit the message by binding to the receptor.
配体带有一些信息,它们通过与受体结合来传递这些信息
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Much of the work that pharmaceutical companies do in terms of searching for drugs is searching for new ligands that activate receptors and create biological responses inside cells.
很多制药公司新药筛选工作的主要内容,就是寻找能够激活受体的,新型配体,并在细胞内部产生某种生物学效应
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Now, how they carry signals is that these neurotransmitters act as ligands.
它们传递信号的原理如下,神经递质作为一种配体
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The ligands are more complicated than the ones we thought about before.
配体也比我们原想的,复杂的多得多
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Today let's think about it more generally as ligands and receptors.
今天我们讲讲普遍意义上的配体和受体
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Focus on the concepts of receptors and ligands.
关注受体和配体的概念
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It refers to usually 'receptors' that are fixed in a cell, on a cell membrane, and 'ligands' which are dispersed throughout the body and free to diffuse around, and occasionally will find the cell.
受体这个词通常代表了,固定于细胞表面的分子,而配体分散于体内各处,能够自由扩散,它们偶尔会与细胞邂逅
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If you have two different ligands stimulating two different receptors, and one causes activation of this enzyme and generation of cyclic AMP, cyclic AMP levels will start to rise.
如果有两种不同的配体,刺激不同的受体,一种能够活化酶,并促进生成cAMP,cAMP的水平就会升高
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