And the idea is they have sort of natural responses that these learning situations might exploit and might channel, but essentially, they do have certain natural ways of acting towards the world.

动物们拥有某些能够为学习情境所引导,和利用的自然反应，但重要的是，它们确实拥有着某种应对世界的行为方式。

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and learning real-life situations rather than just from a book,

学习真实生活中的场景而不是书本中的场景，

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