So if we compare l increasing here, so a 3 s to a 3 p to a 3 d, what we find is that it's only in the s orbital that we have a significant probability of actually getting very close to the nucleus.

我们比较当ｌ变大的时候，从３ｓ到３ｐ到３ｄ,我们可以发现只有ｓ轨道,有很大的概率,非常接近原子核。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So when we talk about p orbitals, it's similar to talking about s orbitals, and the difference lies, and now we have a different value for l, so l equals 1 for a p orbital, and we know if we have l equal 1, we can have three different total orbitals that have sub-shell of l equalling 1.

当我们考虑ｐ轨道时，这和ｓ轨道的情形和相似，不同之处在于ｌ的值不一样，对于ｐ轨道，ｌ等于１,我们知道如果ｌ等于１,我们有３个,不同的轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

l So, if we're talking about a 4 p orbital, and our equation is n minus 1 minus l, the principle quantum number is 1 4, 1 is 1 -- what is l for a p orbital?

我们方程是n减去1减去，主量子数是，4，1是1，--p轨道的l是多少？,学生：

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So if we say that we have a 2 p orbital here, that means that we can have 2 how many different complete orbitals have a 2 for an n, and a p as its l value? three.

如果我们说这里有一个“2p“轨道，那就意味着我们有,多少完全不同的轨道对于n有一个,而且对于l值有一个p？3个。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

In contrast when we're looking at a p orbital, so any time l is equal to 1, and you look at angular part of the wave function here, what you see is the wave function either depends on theta or is dependent on both theta and phi.

相反当我们看ｐ轨道时，任何时候ｌ等于１,你们看它的角向波函数，你们可以看到它要么是和theta有关,要么是和theta和phi都有关。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So it's OK to not specify. I want to point out, pz whether you're in the p x, the p y, or the p z, unless a question specifically m asks you to specify the m sub l, which occasionally will happen, but if it doesn't happen you just write it like this.

我想指出的是，无论你在px，py或，除非一个问题特别地,让你指出l下面的，这种情况有时会发生，这样就可以了,但是如果它不做要求你们写成。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选