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It doesn't have to put federal bureaucrats in charge of what procedure is covered and what medication is not."
VOA: standard.2009.09.05
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So, if we compare the sulfur to the oxygen, the oxygen it turns out is more electronegative and that is what holds the negative charge in this molecule.
因此，如果我们来比一下硫和氧，氧应该有更高的电负性,而在这个分子中它确实有负的电荷。
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And let's say our second electron now is really far away, such that it's actually not going to shield any of the nuclear charge at all from that first electron.
距离原子核非常非常近,我们说第二个电子处于非常远的位置,这样它不会对第一个电子,感受到的来自原子核的电荷量有任何屏蔽作用,我们最后要说的是。
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OK, so all I do is I take into account that I've got all the positive charge, whatever it is, it's a nucleus.
我做的全部是考虑,我得到所有的正电荷，无论是什么，都是一个核。
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It's your own decision to eat Okay. The man is in charge of his dietary destiny.
吃什么该由你自己做主,很好,男人应该掌控自己的饮食命运
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If you bring a plus charge near a plus charge, if my body m, has a plus charge and another plus charge is there, it'll feel a force due to that.
如果让两个正电荷靠近,如果一个物体 m 带正电荷,在这里有另一个正电荷,它就会感受到力的作用
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And this spin is an intrinsic quality of the electron, it's a property that is intrinsic in all particles, just like we would say mass is intrinsic or charge is intrinsic.
自旋是电子的本征量，它是所有粒子的本征性质，就像我们说质量是本征的或者电荷是本征的。
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The first is this the z effective, or how much charge is actually in the nucleus that's felt, Z or the I guess we would say the z, how much the charge is on the nucleus that holds it close together.
第一个是有效核电量，或者说实际感受到的核电荷量，又或者我想我可以说就是，使它们保持在一起的,原子核的电荷量。
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It still has positive charge, and there is nothing saying another chloride could not stick to it.
它仍然具有正电荷，不能说明另外一个氯,不能固定在上面。
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Charge is quantized. In other words, it comes in batches of a certain unit.
电荷是量子化的，换句话说，它一批一批的以单位形式出现。
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It is of opposite charge and it exerts an influence, only that is minus to plus so that is going to give me a minus term here.
它具有相反的电性，所以它也会有影响，只有这个负值相对正值来说会起到减少的作用,所以这里将会引入一个负值的量。
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0 And it has a mass of 9.11 times 10 to the minus 31 kilograms The charge compensation comes out of the nucleus with the proton and it is positive 1.6 times 10 to the minus 19 coulombs.
它的质量是9。11乘以0,到负31千克,电荷补偿来自于,有质子的原子核,它是+1。6*10^库伦。
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So now that means if this is where the center of positive excess charge lies and on top of it is the center there is no displacement of the charge so there is no net dipole.
所以现在我们说,如果正电荷中心,就位于,那么还是在这里负电荷中心也在这里,所以没有空间偶极。
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So if we have total +2 and complete shielding -1 where that can actually negate a full positive charge, because remember our nucleus is plus 2, +1 one of the electrons is minus 1, so if it totally blocks it, all we would have left from the nucleus is an effective charge of plus 1.
抵消一个完全的正电荷,因为记住我们的原子核是,其中一个电子是,所以如果它完全挡住了它，我们从原子核中留下的，全部有效电荷就是，所以，在我们的第一个例子中,我们的第一种极端情况。
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So, in this case, we see that our formal charge is negative on the nitrogen, in this case it's negative on oxygen.
那么，在这种情况下，我们看到氮的形式电荷是负的，而在这种情况下，氧的是负的。
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So, shielding happens when you have more than one electron in an atom, and the reason that it's happening is because you're actually canceling out some of that positive charge from the nucleus or that attractive force with a repulsive force between two electrons.
所以当你们在原子中有多于一个电子,屏蔽就会发生，它之所以会发生的原因是,你们实际上抵消了,一些来自原子核的正电荷,或者来自吸引力,在两个电子之间。
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