It was the mass-issuance of mortgages to consumers with poor credit ratings that led to a rash of mortgage defaults and home foreclosures beginning in late 2007.

VOA: standard.2009.10.01

That is, arranging for the issuance by corporations of stocks and bonds.

也就是，帮助公司安排销售,证券和股份。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

That means they arrange for the issuance by other institutions of securities.

这意味着他们帮助,其他的证券公司募集证券或者股票。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选