They often involve the generation of what are called 'second messenger' molecules which carry the signal further into the cell.

过程中通常会生成一种叫做,第二信使的分子,将信号更深入地传递至细胞内部

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We can also follow stories which involve more profound transformations as when a man dies and is reborn into the body of a child.

我们也能理解很多包含更大转变的故事,比如某人死后又转世投胎到新生儿的身上

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选