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We've been using strings thus far to get input from user and store it in variables.
迄今为止，我们用字符串来接受用户的输入,然后存储在变量里。
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So what they do is, they're describing how these thermodynamic properties change, in terms of only state functions and state variables.
他们的作用是描述,随着状态函数和状态变量的变化，系统的热力性质如何变化。
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That's not just a set of functions--variables, as one might say in the lab.It's produced by genius.
它不仅仅只是一套机器，像人们在实验室所见的一样多变，它是由天才创作的。
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I've decided that I need to be able, in my program, to swap the value of two variables. All right.
我觉定在我的程序中，我可以，交换两个变量值，好的。
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The big three are three variables that the effects are so powerful that they almost don't need to be discussed in much detail.
是指三大因素,力量很强悍,我们几乎不用说得太细。
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I want to just use it, I shouldn't have to worry about what variables I use inside of it, I have shouldn't have to worry about where that is in the code, I should be able to just abstract it away. And that's what we want to add today, are those two things.
我只是想使用它,我不用考虑我在这段代码中,使用的是什么变量,我完全不用考虑代码的内容,只要抽象就好,我们今天想补充的内容就是这两点。
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We often assume in finance that random variables, such as returns,are normally distributed.
金融学中我们常假设随机变量,例如收益率,是服从正态分布的
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You will never hear him speaking in terms of dependent or independent variables.
你会听到他说及从属,或独立变量之类的词汇。
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I think that book will give you all the basic principles you need in calculus of one variable, more variables, elementary complex numbers, maybe solving some problems with vectors and so on, which you're going to get into.
我想那本书会给你所需的所有基本知识,包括一元和多元微积分,简单的复数运算,可以解决一些与矢量有关的问题,而这正是你们将要学的
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On the other hand, temperature, volume and pressure are variables that are much easier in the lab to keep constant.
另一方面，温度，体积和压强,在实验室中比较容易保持恒定。
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You don't have to mention any of the local variables, because at this point in the story, they're just not relevant.
你不需要提及任何一个局部变量，因为在这个地方，它们是不相关的。
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It turns out that slightly before the stack, slightly before this conceptual chunk of memory, there's other things called environment variables that we may see over time but elsewhere in memory are other things.
结果是稍微在堆之前，稍微在这个内存块概念之前，另外还一个东西叫做环境变量,我们之后可能看到，内存中的其他地方,是其他的东西。
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Now, this is still a little bit cumbersome, in part because of the variables involved, S including S.
但是这个方法还是有一些笨拙，部分是因为所涉及的变量，包括。
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We're going to find other properties that do care about the history of the system like work, that you put in the system, or heat that you put in the system, or some other variables But you can't use those to define the equilibrium state.
我们还会发现其他一些,与系统的历史有关的性质,比如你对系统做的功，或者你向系统传递的热量，或其他的变量,但你不能用它们,来定义平衡态。
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Now in a stoplight, it only has three, one is tempted to say, variables plainly differing from each other: red, yellow and green we have two ways of thinking about the red light.
交通灯，三种灯，红黄绿，它们的颜色和彼此不能,我们有两种方式认识红灯的意思。
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We'll see that there's actually compelling use cases for using the same names of variables in different context's.
我们将看到这是一个在不同环境中,使用相同名字变量的,一个案例。
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You've got a magnetic field, maybe even magnetic susceptibility, the electric field. We're not going to worry about these magnetic fields or electric fields in this class So, pretty much we're going to focus on this set of variables here.
你也会引入磁场，或许甚至磁化率，以及电场，我们这堂课不需要关心,这些磁场或,电场之类的东西,基本上我们只关注,这里的一组变量。
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ArgV You can think of this variable Arg V as literally an array a sequence of chunks of memory that literally are back to back to back in memory, and when you say bracket zero, by convention, you are referring to the variables stored here.
你可以想象这个变量,按顺序排列的一块块内存,依次地在内存中紧邻着的，当你指明，按照惯例，涉及,存储的变量在这里。
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That is, in real life, the variables that you'd normally control aren't some combination of entropy and these variables, but really their temperature, volume and pressure, any couple of those, might be what you'd really have under experimental control.
在生活中，我们所能控制的,不是熵和其他变量的组合，而是温度，体积，压强，以及其中的两两组合,这些才是试验中所能控制的。
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So, conceptually if you've ever wondered why you get access in all of your functions to global variables that's because they're not down here, they're at the very top of RAM and any function can access that RAM way up there, but for now the interesting player in the story is this thing called the heap.
所以，如果你想知道为什么全局变量能在,所有的函数中使用,那是因为它们不在这下面，而是在内存的顶端,那样任意函数都可以在内存中使用它们，现在，这里面一个有用的角色是,叫做堆的东西。
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Covariance is--we'll call it--now we have two random variables, so cov... I'll just talk about it in a sample term.
协方差是...我们有两个随机变量,x和y的协方差是,从样本的角度来说
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But we said earlier that, you know, we're going to get - to the point where we want to have a lot of pieces of -- a lot of variables in memory, maybe 140,000 dictionary words for some future peace set, but we don't want to enumerate line by line by line 140,000 variables.
但是我们之前说过，你们知道的，我们将获得,有很多块--很多变量的内存的指针-,可能有140，000个单词的集合,但是我们不想一行行地列举,140，000行变量。
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Right. We're not going to have 140,000 variables in my program.
对的，在我的程序中没有140，000个变量。
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Now if you call a function, swap like increment or cube or swap, or in this case, foo, those variables are the parameters to that function, end up getting stored next in memory.
现在如果你调用一个函数，像increment或者cube或者，或者在这个例子里，foo，这些变量都是,函数的参数，在内存中存储。
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So variables you were introduced to in scratch, and there was this idea of global and local variables, but scratch called them something a little different.
在scratch中所介绍的变量，这里有一个全局变量和局部变量概念，但是scratch中有不同的叫法。
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Because the for loop hands me placeholders in between those semicolons for variables and such, now I don't have those with while loops.
因为for循环给我提供了为变量准备的占位符,它们在分号之间，现在在while循环中，我没有这些。
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And the useful outcome of all that is that p we get to see how entropy changes with one of those variables in terms of only V, T, and p, which come out of some equation of state.
这样做的重要结果是,我们得到了熵随着V，T或者,其中一个变量变化的情况，这些可以从状态方程得到。
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foo Well, if main has any local variables X or Y or temp or foo or bar, or whatever the case may be, those variables come next in memory.
好的，如果main函数有本地的变量X或Y或temp或,或bar，或者诸如此类的例子，这些变量在内存中紧随其后。
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