In order to attract the rabbit's own stem cells to re-grow the cartilage, channels in the scaffold were filled with a growth factor protein.

VOA: standard.2010.08.11

There's a local change in the membrane, that local change involves opening of channels that allow ions to pass through regions where they couldn't pass through before, that results in a change in voltage.

膜上会发生局部变化,局部变化包括离子通道开启,使离子通过,先前不能通过的区域,从而引起电压的变化

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, remember we talked about these last time, voltage-gated channels are channels that would allow the passage of sodium, in this case, but they can exist in two states, a closed state and an open state.

还记得我们上节课讨论过的吧,电压门控通道是,一种可以容许钠离子通过的通道,在这一例子中 电压门控通道有两种状态,关闭状态和开放状态

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

"That's where the majority of the lobsters are, they're in the deep water." "That's where the channels are, so you gotta compete with the ships.

VOA: standard.2010.07.20

Now, it's more complicated than that because it's not just sodium channels that are involved, there are potassium channels also, and the interplay between sodium channels opening and potassium channels opening, this is described in some detail in your book.

现在 事情更复杂了,因为这一过程不仅关系着钠离子通道,也关系着钾离子通道,以及钠离子通道和钾离子通道之间开关,的相互作用,书中有详细解释

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

"So this could be, certainly it was heralded at the time of the Geneva meeting, as a breakthrough in terms of opening channels more widely with the Iranians."

VOA: standard.2009.10.19

Now, sodium and potassium don't ordinarily move across membranes, they're charged molecules, they can't dissolve, they can't permeate through a cell membrane, but they go through because there are channels that allow them to pass through in the membrane.

钠和钾通常是不能跨过细胞膜的,它们都是带电粒子,它们不能溶解在细胞膜中,不能渗透通过细胞膜,但它们之所以能通过细胞膜,全赖膜上离子通道的作用

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

"What we found was with one protein that we delivered in the micro-channels in the scaffolds, that was sufficient to regenerate the entire joint surface with cartilage and with bone and with blood vessels."

VOA: standard.2010.08.11