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"For example." "we cannot determine if a drug is going to work in a human being, and be safe in a human being by testing that drug in cell culture models.
VOA: standard.2010.02.16
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These are molecules that exist naturally in cell membranes and are activated by certain enzymes and kinases generated by receptors.
这些分子存在于细胞膜表面,能被受体激活的某种酶或激酶所活化
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It indicates how information flows in cells and indicates a lot about the work that a cell does in maintaining and recreating itself, and maintaining its environment.
这个图展示了信息如何在细胞内传递,以及细胞,在维持 复制自身,和维持其周围环境所需起的作用
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Although we run it on a laptop so that we can monitor its operation, the algorithm itself doesn't require a lot of computer power and could easily be run from a chip that has the capabilities of one that's already in insulin pumps or in cell phones."
VOA: standard.2010.04.15
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It comes from the fact that in an electrochemical cell, the cations are those that are reduced.
这来源于在电池中，正离子是被减少的。
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But first,Mister Venter said, they had to de-activate a gene in the receiving cell that would have killed the synthetic genome.
VOA: special.2010.07.20
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Carlo woke up in the morning and heard the vulgar pigeons yakking in the street outside his cell.
卡洛早上醒来就能听到在他牢房外面,的大街上有粗俗的鸽子和牦牛叫声。
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"For example in Rwanda, where cell phone-based technologies are being used to keep track of dispensation of drugs to patients with H.I.V.
VOA: special.2010.05.03
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Under torture, Alexis--who probably dies of cold, not of torture, in a very frozen cell-- named Boyar accomplices.
严刑之下,阿列克谢命丧黄泉,他本人可能并非死于严刑,而是在冰冷的牢房里冻死的
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To make that genome, the researchers replaced all the natural genetic material in a bacterial cell with a synthetic set of genes.
VOA: special.2010.07.20
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You could watch where it localizes in the cell, there are fluorescent assays you could use to determine what other proteins it interacts with.
你可以看到它在细胞的什么地方，你可以用荧光化验的办法确定,它和其它什么蛋白质相作用。
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"Back in the nineteen eighties when I was dating without computers, cell phones,text messaging, instant messaging, people had to be more organized.
VOA: special.2009.09.14
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You got to assign a dollar value to know whether you want to prevent those deaths by banning the use of cell phones in cars.
你必须用金钱来衡量,是否需要禁止司机使用手机,来避免此类事件发生。
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We talked with Jamaica Corker, on her cell phone, at the Population Services International office in the D.R.C.
VOA: special.2010.05.03
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Embryonic stem cells can give rise to every cell type in the body.
能分化出人体中,各种类型的细胞。
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In other studies, bone marrow transplants cured severe sickle cell disease in almost two hundred children.
VOA: special.2009.12.16
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A group of scientists, mainly in Boston found, importantly, that they could cultivate the polio virus, the disease causing polio virus; they could cultivate it in cell culture.
在波士顿有一队科学家有了重大发现,他们可以培养脊髓灰质炎病毒,也是就引发小儿麻痹症的病毒,他们可以通过细胞培养来孵育这种病毒
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Genes decide how and when each kind of cell will develop in differing organs.
VOA: special.2010.03.23
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It's a picture of cells actually growing and moving in cell culture.
这幅图是真实细胞,在细胞培养液中生长和运动的样子
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Genes tell every cell in an organism what qualities or characteristics it can develop.
VOA: special.2010.03.23
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The main effector cells in cell mediated immunity, the cells that do the main business are called T-cells.
细胞免疫中的主要效应细胞,即发挥主要作用的细胞是T细胞
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Last week,researchers in the United States reported curing nine adults with sickle cell disease.
VOA: special.2009.12.16
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A pancreas--cell in the pancreas, for example, needs to make insulin and so the gene for insulin is transcribed.
举个例子,一个胰腺细胞,要分泌胰岛素,那么编码胰岛素蛋白的基因就会被转录
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Black people in Africa are the huge majority of those with sickle cell disease.
VOA: special.2009.12.16
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So, this is what goes on in an electrolysis cell, and it works thanks to input energy from a power supply shown here.
所以，这是在一个电化学电池中发生的，它是靠输入的能量工作的,从和这个类似的电源输出的能量。
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He says it is the first cell whose parent was in a computer.
VOA: special.2010.07.20
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Electrolysis of magnesium chloride in a cell where the one electrode we would make magnesium.
在电池内电解氯化镁,我们能在其中一个电极上得到镁。
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The project hopes to export hydrogen fuel cell buses in the future.
VOA: special.2009.09.07
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You could see, for example, when it's expressed in a cancer cell, and where it's expressed.
你可以看到，比如说，它什么时候在癌细胞里被表达，在哪里被表达。
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Another comparison for a meaningful drug screening essay, I would assume you would need 1 million cells that you could grow easily in a standard cell culture dish.
我们不妨再用一个,便于你理解的药物筛选试验来打个比方，假设正常情况下,一个标准细胞培养皿需要一百万个细胞。
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