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The first park to charge a visitor fee was Mount Rainier in the northwestern state of Washington in nineteen hundred and eight.
VOA: special.2009.09.28
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It turns out, and we're going to get the idea of shielding, so it's not going to actually +18 feel that full plus 18, but it'll feel a whole lot more than it will just feel in terms of a hydrogen atom where we only have a nuclear charge of one.
结果是我们会有,屏蔽的想法,所以它不会是完整的，但是它会比原子核电荷量,吸引力要大很多,只有1的氢原子的。
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But those people are in charge of a lot of money,
但这些人掌管着很多钱，
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It could put a bureaucrat in charge of your medical decisions,"
VOA: standard.2009.07.31
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And so we have a positive charge in the nucleus which is given by the number of protons.
在原子核上,有很多质子聚集而形成的正电荷。
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And health care providers usually charge more. A World Health Organization survey of hospital and clinic births in nine Asian countries earlier this year found 27 percent were c-sections, and in China it was nearly half of all births.
VOA: standard.2010.06.30
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At the annual meeting, the shareholders can come and elect a board and the board then is in charge of the company.
在年会上,股东会聚集起来,选出董事会来管理公司
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After a briefing by U.S.Coast Guard Admiral Thad Allen, who is in charge of the overall government response, the president said he wants people along the Gulf of Mexico to know that the government,as he put it, is in this for the long haul.
VOA: standard.2010.06.14
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For the sulfur, we start off with 6 valence electrons, minus 4 lone pair electrons, minus 2, taking in account our bonding electrons, so we end up with a formal charge of 0.
对于硫，我们从六个价电子开始，减去四个孤对电子，再减去二，算上我们的成键电子，因此最终我们有零个形式电荷。
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Admiral Mullen spoke shortly after the American officer in charge of training Afghanistan's army and police said his staff has sent Washington an analysis of a plan to sharply increase the size of the Afghan forces, beyond the numbers already approved.
VOA: standard.2009.03.31
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I don't mean they dig in the ground, but they supervise it; they think about it. They are like people who are in charge of a plantation, their own plantation,I mean.
他们亲自开垦土地,但是他们亲自监督,他们出谋划策,他们就像是,自己种植园的负责人
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And another five, or seven, or eight years went by, and the treasurer job became even too big of a job, and he became in charge of investor relations.
几年以后，财务主管负责的工作也很多了，他就开始负责投资关系。
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He used various forms of high-energy radiation in order to make the droplets bear a charge.
他使用很多形式的高能辐射,为了就是使这些液滴带电。
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Charge is quantized. In other words, it comes in batches of a certain unit.
电荷是量子化的，换句话说，它一批一批的以单位形式出现。
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So, I've got plus twos, zooming in at high energy against a wall of positive charge.
两个高能的正电荷,在正电荷壁垒时会遇到阻力。
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So, we can also get into a case where we have similar values in terms of absolute values of formal charge between two different molecules we're deciding between in their Lewis structures.
我们还可能遇到另外一种情况,那就是在我们需要进行,选择的两种路易斯结构中,形式电荷具有相似的绝对值。
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So this is how much charge there is in a mole of electrons.
这就是在一摩尔的电子里,的电荷量。
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And what's important to keep in mind about formal charge is if we have a neutral atom, such as we did in thionyl chloride here, the sum of the individual formal charges on individual atoms within the molecule have to equal 0.
而关于形式电荷记住一点是很重要的,那就是如果我们有一个中性原子，比如亚硫酰氯，那么这个分子中的所有原子的,形式电荷之和应该等于零。
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So when we talk about the size of multi-electron orbitals, they're actually going to be smaller because they're being pulled in closer to the nucleus because of that stronger attraction because of the higher charge of the nucleus in a multi-electron atom compared to a hydrogen atom.
所以当我们讨论,多电子轨道的尺寸，它们实际上会变得更小,因为多电子原子的原子核,相比于氢原子,有更高的电荷量所以,有更强的吸引力,所以可以拉的更近。
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Often a good thing to start with is to put the lowest ionization energy atom in the middle, and if you don't have charge separation then go with that structure, but if you do find you have a lot of separation, such as the case in negative 2, positive 2, and minus 1, then you want to say wait a second, this is really bad in terms of formal charge, let me go ahead and see what other options I have here.
通常一开始把电离能最低的原子,放在中心位置就很好了，如果你发现电荷没有分开,那么这个结构就没问题了，但是如果你发现有很多分开的电荷，比如这种情况，有负二，正二和负一，那么你会想要说等一下，从形式电荷来看这很不好，让我去看看其它可能的选择。
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So what we see is that structure a is the most stable because we have the least separation of charge in the case of structure a.
因此我们看到结构，A，应该是最稳定的,因为这种情况下,分开的电荷最少。
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The electron completely canceled out 1 it's equivalent of charge from the nucleus, such that we only saw in a z effective of 1.
电子完全抵消了来自原子核的等量电荷,这样我们仅仅看到有效的z为，在极端案例b中。
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Make sure you have batteries that are in a good state of charge in your calculator.
确保你的计算器电池,处在一个良好的状态。
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