px We'll call it either pi 2 p x, 2py if we're combining the x orbitals, or pi 2 p y.

我们叫它π,如果是x轨道组合的话，或者π

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We got them from combining again, 1 s orbital and the 3 p orbitals. If we hybridize these, what we end up seeing are these four hybrid orbitals.

我们把1s轨道，和3p轨道结合而得到它们，如果我们杂化它们，我们最后会看到4个杂化轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And if we think about the six hydrogens, now each of those are going to bind by combining one of the carbon hybrid orbitals to a 1 s orbital of hydrogen.

如果我们考虑有六个氢原子，每个都会合起来,碳杂化轨道成键,每个氢的1s轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

All right, so that's s p 3 hybridization, but those aren't the only type of hybrid orbitals that we can form. Let's take a look at what happens if instead of combining all four orbitals, we just combine three of those orbitals, and what we'll end up with is s p 2 hybridization.

好了，这是sp3杂化，但这并不是我们可以,形成的唯一类型的杂化轨道,让我们来看看，不是四个轨道结合，我们仅仅结合3个轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So essentially, each of these orbitals come from linear combinations of all of the original orbitals, and it's hard to picture exactly how that happens, but one that you can at least start to get an idea is if you think about combining the 2 s and the 2 p z here, which is not quite accurate because of course, we're combining all of them.

本质上，这些轨道每个都来,自原来所有轨道的线性组合，我们很难想象这是怎么发生的，但你们可以至少有个概念,如果你们考虑2s和2pz轨道的结合，这当然是不太准确的，因为我们要把所有的都组合起来。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选