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Let's try it with a different equation of state, that isn't quite as simple as the ideal gas case.
考虑一个不同的状态方程，这状态方程不像理想气体状态方程那么简单。
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It's definitely not an ideal situation. Generally don't do as well on those.
这当然不是什么理想的情况。这样的考试一般考得不怎么好。
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The last time you saw that for an ideal gas, the energy only cared about the temperature.
上次你们知道了，理想气体的能量只与温度有关。
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So David, the theme of David as the elected king of God, David also as the ideal king, is something else that is a theme of these books.
大卫王，他被上帝选为国王这个故事的主题，他也是一个理想化的国王，这也是这些经书的一个主题。
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Again, a question the book asks is whether that ideal of justice can be used as a model for politics.
而本书所提问的是,理想的正义,是否能为政治起示范的作用。
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and when he lays out the ideal society in his view in the Republic, we find there are multiple rulers.
他在《理想国》一书中论述了心目中的,理想社会,我们从中能看出精英集团的存在
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But even an ideal like self-reliance I can remake my world, I can be anything I want is changed by the Market Revolution.
甚至是理想主义的自主,我能改造我的世界,我能成就任何事,这种观念也被市场革命改变了
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Now, that being the case, we have to worry then that because of the unpredictability of death that our lives may not have the ideal shape.
既然是这样，那么我们会变得担心起来,由于存在死亡的不可预见性,我们的生命线可能不会是理想的形状。
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When Plato writes his Republic and devotes Book Ten, as I'm sure most of you know, to an argument in effect banishing the poets from the ideal republic, part of the argument is that poets are terrible imitators.
当柏拉图写《理想国》和《第十卷》的时候，你们肯定都听过这两部著作，他提出了一个一个论点，要把诗人从理想国中驱逐出境，他提到，诗人都是拙劣的仿造者。
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With her vision of the moderate and temperate enjoyment of nature's beauty, the Lady is sketching this new seventeenth-century ideal of married chastity: the ideal of the temperate, moderate indulgence in sexual pleasure, of course, within the sanctified confines of marriage.
对于自然物资合理适度,享用的先见之明，她是在为新17世纪描绘一个,婚姻贞节的理想，有关，性生活中适当放纵的理想，当然，那是在有神圣婚姻制约前提下的。
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You could go to Yeats's poem "Adam's Curse" to see the poet talking about this aesthetic ideal.
叶芝在他的诗歌亚当的诅咒里,谈论了他这一美学理想。
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They want to get as far away from each other possible, the ideal angle is 120. But what we have here is a four-membered ring, so what angle does 90° that have to be, that bond? 90 degrees.
它们想要尽量远离彼此，最理想的是形成120°键角,但现在是个四元环,所以这键角应该多大？
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I mean, in an ideal society everyone's needs would be met but here we're arguing what do we deserve as a society and, yeah.
理想社会里，每个人的需求都能满足,但我们所讨论的是,作为社会一份子，我们应得的是什么。
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This needs to be stressed that this is the ideal gas case. Now regular gases, real gases fortunately as I said, don't obey this.
需要强调的是这是对理想气体而言的,普通气体，真实气体，就像我说过的,不遵循这个规律，这是非常重要的。
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Now, we saw before, or really I should say we accepted before, that for an ideal gas, u was a function of temperature only.
我们已经看到,或者说我们已经接受这样一个事实，即理想气体的内能只和温度有关。
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You're allowed Cv comes out here for this adiabatic expansion, which is not a constant volume only because this is always true for an ideal gas.
绝热过程写下,这个式子是因为它对理想气体都成立，并没有用到等容过程的条件,只用了理想气体的条件。
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So that you could see that for the ideal gas, u would not be a function of volume, but only of temperature.
所以我们可以看到对理想气体，内能不依赖于体积，而仅仅是温度的函数。
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So for an ideal gas, we saw that u was only a function of temperature.
对于理想气体，我们知道内能只是温度的函数。
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In other words, we're taking advantage of the fact that we now know that quantity. In the case of the ideal gas we just have a simple model for it.
换句话说，我们可以利用我们已经,了解这个物理量的这个优势,对理想气体我们有一个简单的模型。
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And we saw that, you saw that the Joule coefficient for an ideal gas was zero.
我们会发现，你们也会发现,理想气体的焦耳系数是零。
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We just treated the one case of an ideal gas as the temperature is reduced.
我们只是讨论了温度下降时,理想气体的行为。
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Therefore, if it's isothermal, the energy of the ideal gas doesn't change.
理想气体的，能量不变。
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The first five books that deal with and culminate in the best city, Kallipolis Plato's ideal city, what he calls Kallipolis, the just city, the beautiful city, ruled by philosopher-kings.
前五部讲述,书中高潮的所在，柏拉图的理想城市，他称之为，正义之城，美丽之城，由哲学家国王所统治；
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but right now you're going to have to take it for granted. So, if the Joule-Thomson coefficient is equal to zero, just like we wrote, du = Cv dT du = Cv dT for an ideal gas, we're going to dH = Cp dT have dH = Cp dT for an ideal gas as well.
但是现在请你们应该把它看成理所当然的,所以，如果焦耳-汤姆逊系数等于零,就像我们写的，对于理想气体,我们也可以得到对于理想气体。
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.. The problem is again the ideal-- they're trying to work toward what I think of an ideal that we see in finance-- 1 mainly, the perfect correlation of consumption and the elimination of risk--we all help each other.
问题又回到了理想-,他们为之奋斗的这种理想状态,如果用金融学的理念来解读-,就是消费与风险消除的相关系数为,即完全正相关，所有人都互助互利。
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Therefore, from experiments, u is only a function of temperature for an ideal gas, H and therefore from these experiments, 0 we come out with delta H dH/dp is equal to zero.
因此，从实验可以得出,对于理想气体u只是温度的态函数，因此从这些实验中我们得到Δ,偏H偏p等于。
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And the temperature scale that turns out to be well-defined and ends up giving us the concept of an absolute zero is the ideal gas thermometer.
比如理想气体温标,它有精确的定义,并能引出绝对零度的概念,今天我们就先来谈谈它。
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And he acknowledges here finally that the ideal of virginity is an ideal for which women are typically praised - and of course this goes without saying.
最后他也承认,关于妇女通常被赞美的童贞理想只是空想,当然这是不言而喻的。
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