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"They are so complicated that if you tried to estimate how many ways you can make a snowflake, you get a huge number not just billions or trillions, but bigger than the number of atoms in the universe.
VOA: standard.2009.12.19
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The idea behind all these algorithms is that what's ultimately important is how many comparisons you ultimately need to make.
这些算法的思想是,你最终需要做多少次的比较,这才是真正重要的。
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and so it's just like, you kind of like learn how to keep the world a better place, like make it a better place.
内容是怎么样让世界变得更美好，更适合居住。
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I don't know how to make this point any clearer than to share with you a sampling of the student evaluations.
最能让这个问题明了的方法是,和你们分享一些学生们的评估抽样。
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So it's a short problem set, but make sure you know how to do those problems.
因此这是个小问题集,但是确保你懂怎么解决这些问题。
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And what you might have noted is although we described how to make predictions about these properties, I didn't talk too much about what it actually means, what the ramifications of these different properties are.
而大家可能已经注意到了我们描述了,如何对这些性质进行预言，但是我并没有讲这到底有什么意义，这些不同性质的分支是什么。
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Inevitably, in a class of this size, we're going to have to make some adjustments; so you'll receive instructions when you get your section assignment on how to deal with unforeseen conflicts if, for instance, some other class just moved you around.
必然地，在一个这么大的班级当中，我们将对其,做一些调整，你们得接受这些安排,如果你得到章节任务是，怎样处理,意料之外的冲突，举个例子，一些其他的班级只是让你走来走去。
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They said, it's not going to work because you have to decide how much the house is insured for and then anybody--If you ever make a mistake and you insure it for too much, then the people who realize they've got one on the insurance company-- they've insured the house for more than it's worth-- they'll burn down their house and collect the money.
他们说，火险根本无法实施,因为你必须判断,这房子的保价是多少,一旦你出现了一些失误,保价评估得过高，那些意识到他们可能会从,保险公司赚利的人们-,即保险公司的保价高于房子的实际价值-,他们就会烧掉自己的房子来赚钱。
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what good that's going to be, no matter how much money you make.
什么好处也没有，挣多少钱都没用。
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Now, you know how to make women do worse on math tests too, like that, and this has a demonstrative effect.
你们也知道怎么让女同学考数学考不好，像这样，这样的作用非常显易而见。
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These, they are all really smart people, which is why we brought them and we want to leverage the fact that they have a lot of really good ideas and can do a lot of the stuff themselves, but how you make sure that it's conforming to standards, you know.
他们都是聪明人，我们雇佣他们,是看重他们有着绝佳的点子,并且拥有独立开发的能力，但你需要确保,这些点子以及产品都符合标准。
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I also wanted to make a mention of how much level of detail I'm expecting you to remember from what you read.
我还想提一下,在你们在阅读时,我希望你们对于,细节记忆的一些要求
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Again, you should make sure you know how to derive this.
你们还是要知道这是怎么得来的
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This picture here, we're going to come back to this later in two weeks when we start talking about vaccines, and we're going to talk about how you make vaccines for viruses and so in doing that we're going to think about the life cycle of a virus.
看这幅图片,我们两周之内还会讲到这一内容,在开讲疫苗的时候,我们要讲讲怎么制作病毒疫苗,那时我们要,讲讲病毒的生命周期
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you might need math to know how to make a bridge
你可能需要数学知识，才知道如何建一座桥
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So, among the lessons you'll hopefully exist this course with is not just how to make something correct.
通过这些经验教训，我希望你们在这个课程中,不仅仅是知道怎样去把事情做对。
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So it looks like not too many more than half of you got this correct, so make sure you can look at your periodic table and figure out how to think about ionization energy in terms of z effective, not just in terms of memorizing what that trend is.
看起来只有一半多一点的人,做对了，所以请大家务必做到能够通过观察周期表,并在考虑电离能时,从有效核电量的观点出发，而不是仅仅依靠记住这个规律。
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And the second thing that we talked about is this idea that we want you to in fact learn how to relate a choice you make about a piece of code to what the efficiency is going to be.
关于这个方法第二件事,就是我们实际上希望,你在写代码的时候,能做出优化效率的选择,因为此。
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So you say, how can I make money beating the market if every quarter I have to tell everybody what I'm doing?
因此你会说,如果我按季度公布所有的投资活动,那我还怎么跑赢市场赚取利润
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Figure out how you can make it move a little to the left, a little to the right, up and down and then repeat in some kind of looping structure.
就是找出办法让它向左移动一小步，向右移动一小步，向上一小步，向下一小步,像这样不断重复。
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And often, if you want to make a lot of it, you have to think about the thermodynamics of the system, how fast the reactions will go and kinetics, and then whether they'll go, the thermodynamics, and sometimes then you need to adjust the reactions, maybe use a transition metal to make it go better.
这种分子就不能正常工作，而且通常来说,如果你要大量生产一个东西,你必须考虑系统的热力学，反应速率和动力学,还有反应是否会发生，热力学，而且有时候你需要调整反应的发生。
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What about that case? Well, I think if we were doing a matter of physics, as it posed to--sort of psychology Psychologically we understand why, losing weight might make a real difference about how you feel about yourself.
这个案例该如何解释，我认为，如果我们在研究物理问题，或者，心理学问题,从心理学的角度我们明白原因，减肥可以让你,自己感觉非常不一样。
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You've got to make sure that if you explain to others how to do this problem, then somebody else contributes to something else, but you know what everybody contributed in the end.
你得能保证,如果你和别人解释了题目的解法,然后另一个人对别的题目又有独到见解,最后你知道每个人都没有浑水摸鱼
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Whatever you think those are. Here, you might imagine different people disagreeing about-- oh, but throw in something--but if what you want to do is write the great American novel, then you've got the experience of staying up late at night not knowing how to make the plot work out, crushing pieces of paper and throwing them away.
你能想到的都在里面，可能有人不同意-,插入某某东西，比如你想,创作最伟大的美国小说，于是你获得熬夜的体验,纠结于如何构建情节，撕碎稿纸，扔在一边。
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If you hope to make it with theory of what people are and how people work, you have to explain and talk about language.
如果你想要理解关于人类本质,及其行为模式的理论,就必须得探讨并解释语言
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It's not enough to understand the biology of how to create a vaccine, if you can't make enough of the vaccine or deliver it to people in ways that it's useful.
仅仅知道疫苗制造的,生物学原理是不够的,还得能生产出足够的疫苗,并在公众中广泛使用
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So if you end up not doing well, the moral of the story is not to go running off and dropping the class, but to figure out what you did right, what you didn't do right, how to make the second paper better and the third paper stronger, again.
所以如果你们最终没有得到好成绩，这个课程不是让你们退却或是退课，但是去想想你所做的对的事，和不对的事，和怎么样让接下来的论文写得更好。
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I mean sometimes if you have things that are a mixture of foods, like you go out for Chinese food or you have a casserole somewhere, or you have some dish of vegetables mixed together, how do you make sense of that when it comes to entering these things into a record.
我是说,有时候有一堆食物在你面前,如出去吃中餐,或你面前有一份大杂烩,又或者是很多蔬菜混合在一块,在输入饮食记录的时候,怎样才能让你输入的东西有意义呢
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It's basically to get you to load up Python on your machine and make sure you understand how to interact with it.
它基本上让你在你的机器上,装Python语言,并确保你理解如何与它互动。
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Before, we talked about how do you know what messenger RNA to make, how do you know what RNA to copy from a DNA template?
在之前的课上,我们说到如何判断mRNA的具体序列,如何判断RNA从DNA模板复制了什么
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