The heat of their hands, likely to accelerate the melting process.

VOA: standard.2009.12.13

get back to the initial point is going to require some input from outside, like heat or extra work or extra heat or something because you've done an irreversible process.

如果要逆转它,回到初始点，就需要外界的投入，比如额外的功，额外的热量等等,因为你进行了一个不可逆过程。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

When I flail my arms around I generate work and heat. This is not a constant volume process.

这不是一个恒容过程,但如果我是一个系统，当我做这些的时候。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And we had the similar statement by Kelvin about the heat engine that required that some heat gets dumped into a cold reservoir in the process of converting the heat from the hot reservoir into work.

相同的陈述,同样的有开尔文表述：,把热量完全从高温热源,转移至低温热源的过程中,必然有功的输出。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And you can see what the heat involved in a process like that is as well.

你就能看到在类似这样的,过程中热量是如何变化的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

There's no change in them, and then we also looked at some at non-state functions, work and heat, and saw that those aren't zero going around a cycle. Of course you can do work in a cyclic process, and heat can be exchanged with the environment at the same time.

它们不会有变化，然后我们研究了,一些非态函数，功和热量，并看到,沿着循环行进一周的话,它们并不是零，当然你可以在,一个循环过程中做功，而同时热量可以在系统,与外界环境之间进行交换。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选