So we know that in each case the heat is going to be the opposite of the work, but the work isn't the same in these two different ways of getting from here to here, right. So let's just see it explicitly. Here's our qA.

所以我们知道在每种情形下功,与热量相差一个负号,但从这里到这里，在这两条路径,中的功是不同的，对吧？,那么让我们明确地看一下。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So you know, what the second law is doing, in other words, it's putting these restrictions on how well or how effectively we can convert heat into work in the case of the engine, or work into heat extracted in the case of a refrigerator.

你们知道，在热机中，热力学第二定律的作用，换句话说，就是给热量,转化为功的效率,施加限制,或在制冷剂中，对抽取热量,进行限制。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You could imagine the dualist coming back and saying, "Look, in the case of the heat-seeking missile or the robot for that matter, although it's doing things, it's just obeying orders.

你可以假想二元论反驳说,在热追踪导弹,或是机器人的例子里,尽管他们各尽其职,但也只是恪守命令

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So in this case here, I cool and then I heat.

因此我们这个路径中。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

In this case here, I heat and then I cool.

需要先冷却再加热。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选