He says that a new pipeline will be laid between Mindana and Bazargan, near the Turkish border, to increase the volume of Iranian gas sold to Turkey.

VOA: standard.2010.07.23

That for an ideal gas it has to be the case that there's no volume dependence of the energy.

我们可以直接推导这个结果,即证明对理想气体，内能和气体体积无关。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You're allowed Cv comes out here for this adiabatic expansion, which is not a constant volume only because this is always true for an ideal gas.

绝热过程写下,这个式子是因为它对理想气体都成立，并没有用到等容过程的条件,只用了理想气体的条件。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Avogadro was a professor of chemistry at the University of Turin who did a lot of work on gas laws, understanding the number of gas particles in a given volume at a given temperature.

阿伏加德罗是一个化学教授,在都灵大学,他做了很多关于气体定律的研究，了解气体微粒,在特定的容量和温度下的数目。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So that you could see that for the ideal gas, u would not be a function of volume, but only of temperature.

所以我们可以看到对理想气体，内能不依赖于体积，而仅仅是温度的函数。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So, you do this measurement, you measure with the gas, you measure the pressure and the molar volume.

现在让压强趋于，现在测量气体的压强，和摩尔体积。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

How many moles of gas are there in each case, in reactants and products? If that changes, of course you know that the pressure in there is going to change at constant volume if the amount of gas in there is changing.

在反应物和生成物中，各有多少摩尔的气体？,如果它发生了变化,当然在等体条件下，如果气体的总量,发生了变化，压强也会发生变化。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Now, if this is an ideal gas, we know that pressure is equal to nRT over volume.

如果这是一个理想气体系统，我们知道压强等于nRT除以体积。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You make the volume infinitely large, the density of the gas infinitely small.

密度无限小，气体分子之间的相互作用。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

nRT So, dp/dT, for our ideal gas, at constant volume, remember pV is nRT.

对于理想气体状态方程pV等于，所以对理想气体。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

If z is greater than 1, then the real gas means that the atoms and molecules in the real gas are repelling each other and wants to have a bigger volume.

如果Z大于,说明实际气体的分子间斥力较强,体积比理想气体要大,我们可以查表找到。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

For the ideal gas, we know that u is volume independent.

对于理想气体,我们知道u与体积无关。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

If you have a real gas and you write du is Cv dT and your path is not a constant volume path, then you are making a mistake. But for an ideal gas, you can always write this. And this turns out to be very useful to remember.

对于真实气体，如果其变化过程,不是恒容的，du=Cv*dT就不成立，但对于理想气体,这条规则永远成立,这一点非常有用，请记住。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So we're going to start with a mole of gas, V at some pressure, some volume, T temperature and some mole so V, doing it per mole, and we're going to do two paths here.

假设有1摩尔气体，具有一点的压强p，体积，温度，我们将让它，经过两条不同的路径。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选