So for the reversible process, the work done is the integral under the pressure volume state function, the function of state.

对可逆过程，做的功,是压强体积态函数曲线下，的积分面积。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So we can go on and do this for any orbital or any state function that we would like to.

我们可以继续，对任何轨道,或任何波函数做，同样的事情。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It's a state function, so we're at constant temperature and pressure, and now we want to consider some chemical change or a phase transition or you name it.

这就是态函数，我们处于恒定的温度和压强之下，然后考虑某些化学变化或者相变,或者你想考虑的东西。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

OK, so, the thing about a state function is that the function has a value for initial conditions and at final conditions.

态函数的特点是,在初始状态有一个值,在末状态也有一个值。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Then we can also talk about the 2, 1, 0 state function, psi2 1 0 which would be psi 2, 1, 0.

我们也可以看看,2，1，0态波函数，它是。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, we can think about what is it that we would call the ground state wave function.

我们来考虑一下,基态的波函数，是怎么样的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It's a state function. If we know the enthalpy of the products minus the enthalpy of the reactants, right. It's a state function.

如果我们知道生成物的焓减,去反应物的焓的值,它是个态函数，原则上我们可以做到。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Anybody have an idea? What's the one function of state? I'm the system, the rest are the surrounding. What's the one function of state that's constant when I'm doing all my chemical reactions to move my arms around?

态函数又是什么呢？,我是一个系统，其余的是周围的环境,那么当我在做所有的化学反应,去四处移动我的手臂的时候,什么量是常数？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So we'd really like to be able to find some sort of equation of state, or some sort of rather function of state that's going to relate the heat going in or out of the system with that function of state, because this isn't going to do it.

所以我们真的想要去,找到一些态方程或者态函数,通过这个态函数可以表示热量,在系统与外界的交换,因为这个不能表示它。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And of course, in either case, w delta u is q plus w, so it's q irreversible plus w irreversible, u being a state function it's the same in either case.

当然了，在这两个过程中，Δu都等于q加，因此现在是q不可逆加w不可逆，同时u在这两个过程中都是态函数。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

l But now we need to talk about l and m as well. So now when we talk about a ground state in terms of wave function, we need to talk about the wave function of 1, 0, 0, and again, as a function of r, theta and phi.

但我们现在需要讨论,和m，现在当我们讨论,波函数的基态时，我们讨论的，是1，0，0的波函数，同样的，它也是r，theta和phi的函数。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选