"The goal must be a model in which protectionism gives way to openness, the reins of commerce pass from the few to the many and the economy generates jobs for the young.
VOA: special.2011.05.27
We ended the day with Bohr's model of the atom, which derived from the conceptualization of Rutherford.
那天课的结尾我们讲了从卢瑟福的概念中,衍生出来的波尔的原子模型。
It was a classical model, right, so we could say the electron is exactly this far away from the nucleus.
这是个经典模型,对吧,我们说电子离,原子核就是这么远。
So there are two other models, then, models different from the immigration model, two other models for understanding the formation of Israel, that build on this archaeological evidence.
那么还有两个其他的模型,与移民模型不同的两个模型,这两个模型也是为了说明以色列的形成,它们是依据考古学证据。
So, they thought about this, and they said, you know, this cannot make sense from the standpoint of the plum pudding model.
他们考虑到这一点,他们说,这是不可能的,如果从布丁模型来考虑的话。
Or, if we know the equation of state from a model, ideal gas, van der Waal's gas, whatever, u now we can determine u.
或者如果我们知道模型的状态方程,比如理想气体,范德瓦尔斯气体,无论什么,我们就可以利用状态方程得到内能。
This is very different from the disease model that says, " "Ok,you are unwell. Deal with that illness."
这和疾病模型所说的有很大不同,“好,你不舒服,那就治病去吧“
What I'd like to do today is talk to you about how it is that we moved from this old model to what it is that today many institutions call the Yale model.
今天我想讲的就是,我们如何从传统模式,转变为所谓耶鲁模式
So before we leave it, I've been making a point in this class of coming back to reality from time to time, so this is a very simple model of the soccer game in reality.
在我们结束讨论之前,我来强调一下,我们应该回到现实中,这是一个很简单的足球模型
But the reality that we know from our quantum mechanical model, is that we can't know exactly what the radius is, all we can say is what the probability is of the radius being at certain different points.
我们不可能准确的知道,半径是多少,我们只能说,它在不同半径处,的概率是多少,这是,量子力学。
So from measured equation of state data, or from a model like the ideal gas or the van der Waal's gas or another equation of state you know this.
所以,从测量的到的状态方程的数据,或者从状态方程模型比如理想气体方程,范德瓦尔斯方程或者其他状态方程,我们就可以知道。
One is the disease model: let's run away from what is not working.
一种是疾病模型:,让我们逃避不如意的事。
Because at the end of the day, if game theory is going to be useful for you in your later lives, whether it's in dating or in running a company or whatever it happens to be, you need to able to go from the story to the model.
因为到最后,如果你们在以后想要运用博弈论,不论是用在约会上还是在运作一家公司上,或者其他的什么情况,你需要从具体情况中提炼模型
So, I said I'd tell you a little bit more about where this Bohr radius came from, and it came from a model of the atom that pre-dated quantum mechanics, and Neils Bohr is who came up with the idea of the Bohr radius, and here is hanging out with Einstein, he had pretty good company that he kept.
我要告诉你们,波尔半径是从哪里来的,它起源于前量子力学时代的,原子模型,尼尔斯,玻尔提出了,波尔半径的概念,这是他和爱因斯坦在一起,他们是好朋友,当我们讨论这个原子模型时你们要记住的是,在1911年。
That was Cartesian space. When I plot r as a distance out from the nucleus that is sort of our simple-minded planetary model. Now let's look at energy.
笛卡尔坐标系,当我用r表示,离原子核的距离时,那只是我们头脑中简单的,类似行星的模型,现在我们看一下能量问题。
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