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It was not until 1995 that former French President Jacques Chirac became the first French leader to officially admit the state had played an active role in the Holocaust.
VOA: standard.2010.04.10
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And,so,the departments,along with the railroads and along with better roads also,and the banking network, increases the centralization of the French State.
各省由铁路相连,当然也有公路和银行系统,以加强法国的中央集权
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And there were cases where Bretons tried to name their children Breton names and the French State said, uh-uh,pas possible, because it wasn't officially French.
还有一些布里多尼人,想要给他们的孩子取布里多尼的名字,但是法国政府说,想都别想,这并非官方法语
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Louis XIII helped expand the compelling course of structures of the French state.
他大力推进了法国国家建构的进程
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And, one of the reasons why the role of the dominance of Paris is so great is precisely because of the centralization of the French state.
巴黎能够取得支配地位的一个原因,恰恰就是法国政府的中央集权化
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And,so,you've got these processes in the nineteenth century, economic processes that you find all over Europe that consolidate the power of the French State, centralized in Paris.
你了解到了,十九世纪的发展历程,经济发展历程,巩固了法国以巴黎为核心的,中央集权统治
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I'm going to talk about the centralization of the French State and the question of why Paris--and that's kind of fun to talk about- and the role of Paris in centralization, and the particular role of Paris in French economic, political, social and cultural life.
一是讲法国政府的集权化统治,还有巴黎为什么 谈论这个很有意思,巴黎在中央集权政府中的地位,以及其在法国经济,社会,文化领域中的地位
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So, it didn't mean that the English state wasn't efficient in collecting taxes, because they were more efficient than the French were in collecting taxes.
这并不意味着英国征税不力,因为他们的征税模式实际上比法国更有效率
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Despite all of the--Mitterrand's plans for decentralization, and the creation of regional councils, basically France remains the most centralized state in Western Europe, and the role of Paris in French life does not have an equivalent in other European countries.
尽管密特朗计划在法国实施,去中央集权化并创立地方议会,法国基本上还是西欧,中央集权化程度最高的国家,巴黎在法国的地位是欧洲其它国家的城市,所不能比拟的
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