Generally speaking, dissonant intervals have ratios such as nine to eight for the whole step or seventeen to sixteen for the half step.

一般而言,不和谐音程是有比率的,全音的情况下为九比八,半音的情况下为十七比十六

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

Well, we've got a skippy Beethoven music but here with Tchaikovsky he's coming down, just straight down, down consecutive intervals there for the most part.

我们听过贝多芬的曲子,非常跳跃,但在柴可夫斯基的乐曲里,音高急转直下,动机部分连续出现音程下降

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选