Bernard Bilski and Rand Warsaw wanted to patent a method to let traders protect against the risk of price changes in energy markets.

VOA: special.2010.07.16

And we can actually better visualize this if we plot how that energy changes as a function of internuclear distance.

而我们就能更清楚地看到这些，如果我们画出,能量随核间距的变化曲线。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

In other words, now I know how to tell how the Helmholtz free energy changes as a function of temperature.

换句话说，我现在知道如何写出亥姆赫兹,自由能作为温度的函数。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Thiamine changes starchy foods into energy.

VOA: special.2009.04.21

If you have an isobaric you're going to have to calculate where the energy changes, and that's a calculation that's likely on the homework and very like on an exam as well, too.

在等压过程中,我们需要计算能量的变化，我们在作业,和考试中,就会遇到这类问题。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And the energy changes, it goes up.

能量发生变化，增加了。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And it's always going to come down to calculating the appropriate free energy, and how it changes in the process.

这总是涉及到计算,适当的自由能，以及这些自由能在过程中如何变化。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Now these quantities were useful because you could relate them. The slope of changes, with respect to volume or temperature of the energy with respect to quantities that you understood, that you could measure.

去得到这些量,这些量很有用，而且你们已经知道了，怎么把它们相互联系起来,像这种比例形式的量，能量比上温度或体,或其它你们懂的可以测量量。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

pV So there is an arbitrary set point that needs to be defined, right? Because what you actually measure in the lab are changes in enthalpy, just like what you measure when you look at energy change of some sort, you measure the change in energy, right.

焓也是一样，焓是U加,所以需要定义一个任意的设定值,对吧？因为实际上你在实验室里,测得的是焓的改变,就像你在研究某种能量变化时，所测量的那样，你测量的是能量的改变，对吧。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选