One of the main difference is is that when you're talking about multi-electron orbitals, they're actually smaller than the corresponding orbital for the hydrogen atom.

其中最主要的区别之一,是当你讨论多电子轨道时,它们实际上，要比对应的氢原子轨道,要小一些。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

This should make sense, because if an atom has a very high electron affinity, that means it's really happy taking an electron from another atom, or taking a free electron -- that that's very favorable.

这应该是合理的，因为如果一个原子有很高的电子亲和能，这意味着,它非常乐意从另外一个原子那里夺取一个电子，或者得到一个自由电子--这是非常利于发生的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, let's take a look here at an example of an energy diagram for the hydrogen atom, and we can also look at a energy diagram for a multi-electron atom, and this is just a generic one here, so I haven't actually listed energy numbers, but I want you to see the trend.

所以让我们来看看,一个例子氢原子的能量图，我们也可看看一个,多电子原子的能量图，这是一个普通的图谱，我没有列出能量的数字，但是我想让你们看这个趋势。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

A kind of consequence of this is if we're thinking about a multi-electron atom, which we'll get to in a minute where electrons can shield each other from the pull of the nucleus, we're going to say that the electrons in the s orbitals are actually the least shielded.

这样的一个后果就是,如果我们考虑一个多电子原子，我们等会就会讨论到它,电子会互相,屏蔽原子核的吸引，我们说ｓ轨道电子,更不容易被屏蔽。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

For example, for the 2 s, again what you see is that the multi-electron atom, its 2 s orbital is lower in energy than it is for the hydrogen.

举例来说对于2s轨道，在多电子原子，中可以看到,它的2s轨道的能量低于氢原子的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Again the 2 p orbitals for the multi-electron atom, lower in energy than for the hydrogen atom.

p轨道能量,多电子原子的，低于氢原子的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, essentially when we're talking about these equations up here, all we're doing is talking about the regular Rydberg formulas, but instead we could go back and re-derive the equation for any one electron atom, which would just mean that we put that z squared term in the front.

所以本质上,当我们讨论，这些问题时，我们说的是常规的，Rydberg公式，但对任何其他单电子原子，我们不用,从头再推到，而是仅仅把，z平方项放在前面。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选