And some of them might be spinning clockwise, in which case, according to the right-hand rule we would consider them spin-down.

而另一些电子则是在顺时针自旋，在这种情况下，根据右手定理,我们会以为它是在向下转。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

/2 You can have it equal to plus 1/2, and that's what we call spin up, 1/2 or you can have it equal to minus 1/2, which is what we call spin down.

它可能会等于，我们叫它自选朝上，或者它等于负，我们叫它自旋朝下。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And, in any arbitrary crucible full of molten silver, half of them are going to be spin-up and half of them are going to be spin-down.

并且，在任一个浇满了熔银的坩埚中，银原子中的电子一半是向上转,另一半是向下转。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So what that means is that we're limited in any atom to having two electrons per orbital, right, because for any orbital we can either have a spin up electron, a spin down electron, or both.

这意味着在一个原子内,每个轨道上可以有两个电子，对吧，因为对任何轨道,我们可以有自旋向上或者自选向下或者两者都有。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And that the fact that it split into two was telling them that there must be some new property to the electron, and what we call that now is either being spin up or spin down.

它能一分为二的,事实告诉我们,电子一定有某种新的性质，我们叫它自旋向上或者自旋向下。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So this one is spin-up plus a half, this is spin-down minus a half.

所以自旋向上是正二分之一，而自旋向下是负二分之一。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So you can see, if it's spinning on its own axis in this direction we'd call it spin up, where as this way it would be what we call spin down.

你们可以看到，如果它绕自己的轴朝这个方向转,我们就说它是自旋朝上，这个方向我们叫它自旋朝下。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So one goes spin-up and the other goes spin-down.

所以一个是自旋向上，另一个是自旋向下。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Likewise with 2s, spin-up, spin-down.

s层也是这样，自旋向上，自旋向下。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选