To do that the data travels from RAM along with software signals that tell the hard drive how to store that data.

为了能让数据从RAM中,到硬盘是要使用软件信号告诉硬盘,如何存储这些数据。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

X That's just the special symbol in C that says don't pass X, that is don't pass a copy of X. Rather figure out where x is in memory, where he is in that frame and provide swap the numeric address in RAM of that value so that swap can go do anything it wants at that address.

这在C中是一个特殊的符号，指明不传送，也不是传递X的拷贝，而是指出x在内存中哪个地方,它在那个框架中的哪个地方,提供给swap它的地址值,这样swap就可以使用那个地址中的数据。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

Instead I'm going to be expecting the address of some int and the address of another int and thanks to this address I can literally find this address in RAM, do anything I want there, -- return and what I've just done is actually changed or mutate the values of those original variables.

我们所期望的是int型地址,和另外一个int型地址,幸亏这个地址，我可以找在RAM中找到它的地址，然后做我想做的事情，返回我处理后的东西,我可能改变了这些源变量。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选